R&D and manufacturing activities regarding managerial effectiveness and open strategy: an industry focus on luxury knitwear firms

The authors structure the field of over-design, over-specification, and over-requirement (OOO) drawing from extant knowledge related to innovative managerial procedures in manufacturing systems, project portfolio management, and performance management. More specifically, we propose allowing the dominant perspectives of OOO and paving the way towards a coherent recognition foundation of innovative strategies in manufacturing systems. This lends itself to an analysis of innovative phenomena in design and production systems that generate OOO and helps to understand what the effects of the OOO on business performance are. The clothing industry in Italy was chosen as a target context because many innovative pioneering medium sized enterprises (MSEs) were operating in the industry. Because of the exploratory nature of the research, a multiple case study approach is adopted in this study. Drawing from extant managerial literature, the proposed structure shows which business model objects and interactions within R&D-manufacturing-marketing activities should be considered when engaging in managing innovative and temporary project portfolio.