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Hierarchical clustering uncovered disease patterns and further untangled complexities in immune complex-mediated idiopathic MPGN and C3 glomerulopathy

Introduction: Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) is currently stratified into complement C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) and immune complex-mediated MPGN (IC-MPGN). However, classification is subject to continued debate. Methods: Here, we applied hierarchical clustering to a much larger cohort of patients with C3G/IC-MPGN (295 individuals), extensively characterized for genetic and autoimmune complement abnormalities, with the goal of unraveling specific disease patterns. We also designe...

Mirror bacteria and moral frontiers: ethics at the edge of synthetic life

The synthesis of mirror-image organisms, known as mirror bacteria, represents one of the most provocative frontiers in contemporary synthetic biology. These organisms, whose molecular chirality is opposite to that of natural life, raise profound bioethical questions and introduce a new dimension of scientific complexity in understanding life’s molecular foundations. This paper explores both the biochemical and ethical dimensions of mirror bacteria. On one side, it outlines their molecular arc...

Analysis of Semi-Markov Reward Processes Motivated by Ramp Rate Limitation in Wind Farms

Ramp rate limitation, coupled with storage systems, is one of the most frequently used control strategies for the intermittent nature of wind power. This strategy, together with a penalty regime in a wind farm, is considered to develop this work, which juxtaposes a new semi-Markov reward modeling of battery operations with the mathematical methodology to compute the moments of the accumulated penalty process. The primary innovation is in how the rewards for each state of the chain are modelle...

Effectiveness on Frailty of an eHealth-Based Rehabilitation Program in Older People with Acute Heart Failure and/or Acute Coronary Syndrome: Study Protocol for a Randomized Trial and Baseline Data of Participants

Background: Frailty is highly prevalent among older adults with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and strongly predicts disability and mortality after cardiac events. Although cardiac rehabilitation (CR) improves prognosis, frail older patients often face barriers to participating in in-person programs. eHealth-based, home-delivered CR programs incorporating tele-rehabilitation and remote monitoring may improve accessibility, yet evidence regarding their effectiveness on frailty status remains lim...

Evaluating policy impact under sparse and staggered adoption. A synthetic difference-in-differences application to EU rural development measures

This paper investigates how farmers respond to targeted policy measures under the EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), focusing on whether voluntary adoption, often driven by private motivations, also leads to outcomes of societal interest. To address the methodological challenges posed by staggered and sparse treatment adoption, the study employs a Synthetic Difference-in-Differences (SDID) approach. A theoretical framework is developed to distinguish between private and societal outcomes of...

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