Comparison of point shear wave elastography and transient elastography in the evaluation of patients with NAFLD

Purpose To compare point shear wave elastography (pSWE, ElastPQ (R)) and transient elastography (TE) with Liver Biopsy in order to evaluate fibrosis stage in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods Our prospective study from September 2017 to October 2020 included 50 consecutively enrolled patients with NAFLD (52.2 +/- 13.0 years, 32 male). All patients underwent clinical evaluation, B-mode ultrasound, pSWE, TE and liver biopsy in a single evaluation. The clinical, laboratory and liver biopsy data were compared with liver stiffness (LS) measurement obtained with pSWE and TE. TE and pSWE diagnostic accuracy for the diagnosis of the different fibrosis stages were evaluated using the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Results Only fibrosis stage was independently associated with TE and pSWE. The median liver stiffness measurement for fibrosis stages F0, F1, F2, F3, and F4 using TE was 4.8 (4.7-6.1) kPa, 5.5 (4.4-7.3) kPa, 7.7 (6.1-9.1) kPa, 9.9 (8.8-13.8) kPa, and 20.2 kPa, respectively. The corresponding median liver stiffness measurement using pSWE was 4.2 (4.0-4.8) kPa, 4.7 (4.2-5.8) kPa, 5.1 (4.1-6.9) kPa, 8.5 (5.2-13.3), and 15.1 kPa, respectively. The AUROC of TE for diagnosis of fibrosis stage F1, >= F2, >= F3, and F4 were 0.795, 0.867, 0.927, and 0.990, respectively. The corresponding AUROC of pSWE was 0.717, 0.733, 0.908, and 1.000, respectively. No association was observed with other histological parameters. Conclusion TE was significantly better than pSWE for the diagnosis of fibrosis stage >= F2. No statistically significant differences were found between TE and pSWE AUROC of fibrosis stage >= F1, >= F3, and F4.