In this article, a self-contained procedure to estimate the vertical, medial–lateral, and anterior–posterior displacement of a single sacrum-worn inertial measurement unit (IMU) is presented, which can be related to the human body center of mass (CoM) displacement during treadmill walking through an adaptation of the sacral marker method. Furthermore, a magnetometer-free custom sensor-fusion algorithm for orientation estimation is proposed alongside a practical alignment procedure to refer relative IMU orientation estimation to a ground-fixed reference frame. Twelve healthy subjects performed two trials of treadmill walking at 3, 4, and 5 km/h for 150 s, with a sacrum-worn IMU. Orientation and displacement estimations were then compared with those obtained from an optoelectronic measurement system. Roll, pitch, and yaw angles showed root mean square error (RMSE) lower than 2° for walking trials at 3, 4, and 5 km/h, with Pearson’s correlation coefficient higher than 0.90 for each angle. Displacement accuracy was evaluated in terms of peak-to-trough distances and RMSE. Mean errors resulted lower than 1 mm for each axis of interest and for each gait speed, with RMSE not higher than 2.5 mm. The proposed off-line algorithm can be used in low-budget and infrastructure-free environments, to achieve reliable CoM displacement estimation during cyclic activities such as treadmill walking.

Single IMU Displacement and Orientation Estimation of Human Center of Mass: A Magnetometer-Free Approach / Cardarelli, Stefano; Mengarelli, Alessandro; Tigrini, Andrea; Strazza, Annachiara; DI NARDO, Francesco; Fioretti, Sandro; Verdini, Federica. - In: IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT. - ISSN 0018-9456. - STAMPA. - 69:8(2020), pp. 5629-5639. [10.1109/TIM.2019.2962295]

Single IMU Displacement and Orientation Estimation of Human Center of Mass: A Magnetometer-Free Approach

Stefano Cardarelli
Methodology
;
Alessandro Mengarelli
Conceptualization
;
Andrea Tigrini
Membro del Collaboration Group
;
Annachiara Strazza
Membro del Collaboration Group
;
Francesco Di Nardo
Membro del Collaboration Group
;
Sandro Fioretti
Supervision
;
Federica Verdini
Supervision
2020-01-01

Abstract

In this article, a self-contained procedure to estimate the vertical, medial–lateral, and anterior–posterior displacement of a single sacrum-worn inertial measurement unit (IMU) is presented, which can be related to the human body center of mass (CoM) displacement during treadmill walking through an adaptation of the sacral marker method. Furthermore, a magnetometer-free custom sensor-fusion algorithm for orientation estimation is proposed alongside a practical alignment procedure to refer relative IMU orientation estimation to a ground-fixed reference frame. Twelve healthy subjects performed two trials of treadmill walking at 3, 4, and 5 km/h for 150 s, with a sacrum-worn IMU. Orientation and displacement estimations were then compared with those obtained from an optoelectronic measurement system. Roll, pitch, and yaw angles showed root mean square error (RMSE) lower than 2° for walking trials at 3, 4, and 5 km/h, with Pearson’s correlation coefficient higher than 0.90 for each angle. Displacement accuracy was evaluated in terms of peak-to-trough distances and RMSE. Mean errors resulted lower than 1 mm for each axis of interest and for each gait speed, with RMSE not higher than 2.5 mm. The proposed off-line algorithm can be used in low-budget and infrastructure-free environments, to achieve reliable CoM displacement estimation during cyclic activities such as treadmill walking.
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11566/283223
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