ICU patients need a prompt normalization of macrohemodynamic parameters. Unfortunately, this optimization sometimes does not protect patients from organ failure development. Prevention or treatment of organ failure needs another target to be pursued: the microcirculatory restoration. Microcirculation is the ensemble of vessels of maximum 100 μm in diameter. Nowadays the Sidestream Dark Field (SDF) imaging technique allows its bedside investigation and a recent round-table established the criteria for its evaluation. First microcirculatory derangements have been studied in sepsis: they are mainly characterized by a reduction of vessel density, an alteration of flow and a heterogeneous distribution of perfusion. Endothelial malfunction and glycocalyx rupture were proved to be the main reasons for the observed microthrombi, capillary leakage, leukocyte rolling and roulleaux phenomenon, even if further studies are necessary for a better explanation. Therapeutic approaches targeting microcirculation are under investigation. Microcirculatory alterations have been recently demonstrated in other diseases such as hypovolemia and cardiac failure but this issue is still to be explored. Aim of the review is to gather the already known information, focus the reader’s attention on the importance of microvascular physiopathology in critical illness and prompt him to actively participate to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of the issue.

From macrohemodynamic to the microcirculation / Donati, Abele; Domizi, Roberta; Damiani, Elisa; Adrario, Erica; Pelaia, Paolo; Can, Ince. - In: CRITICAL CARE RESEARCH AND PRACTICE. - ISSN 2090-1313. - ELETTRONICO. - 2013:892710(2013). [10.1155/2013/892710]

From macrohemodynamic to the microcirculation

DONATI, Abele;DOMIZI, ROBERTA;DAMIANI, ELISA;ADRARIO, Erica;PELAIA, Paolo;
2013-01-01

Abstract

ICU patients need a prompt normalization of macrohemodynamic parameters. Unfortunately, this optimization sometimes does not protect patients from organ failure development. Prevention or treatment of organ failure needs another target to be pursued: the microcirculatory restoration. Microcirculation is the ensemble of vessels of maximum 100 μm in diameter. Nowadays the Sidestream Dark Field (SDF) imaging technique allows its bedside investigation and a recent round-table established the criteria for its evaluation. First microcirculatory derangements have been studied in sepsis: they are mainly characterized by a reduction of vessel density, an alteration of flow and a heterogeneous distribution of perfusion. Endothelial malfunction and glycocalyx rupture were proved to be the main reasons for the observed microthrombi, capillary leakage, leukocyte rolling and roulleaux phenomenon, even if further studies are necessary for a better explanation. Therapeutic approaches targeting microcirculation are under investigation. Microcirculatory alterations have been recently demonstrated in other diseases such as hypovolemia and cardiac failure but this issue is still to be explored. Aim of the review is to gather the already known information, focus the reader’s attention on the importance of microvascular physiopathology in critical illness and prompt him to actively participate to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of the issue.
2013
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11566/86556
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