Risk resilience in historic urban environments: a user-centred approach

Historic Urban Built Environments are stressed by several risks, which can be either single or combined, with effects exacerbated by heritage features, user dynamics, and poor resilience level. Herein, (multi-)risk reduction and mitigation imply following a user-centred, dynamic approach, exploiting simulation tools and virtual reality risk communications towards stakeholders to additionally increase awareness and preparedness. This research aims at developing predictive models and tools for assessing and mitigating single to multiple risks in these scenarios, considering the interactions of users with hazards, physical vulnerability factors, and deployable strategies. Examples from BE S2ECURe and ReACT projects, adopting this approach, are shown to demonstrate its capabilities.