An IoE-based Framework Supporting Human-Centric Industry

Industry 5.0 envisions manufacturing systems that are human-centric, sustainable, and resilient. In this context, the Internet of Everything (IoE) enables integration of devices, people, and processes into a unified digital ecosystem. This paper presents a modular, semantically enriched framework that supports this transition by managing heterogeneous data sources—such as IoT sensors, wearable devices, and smart objects—through a layered architecture. The platform enables real-time data stream processing, semantic interoperability, and secure, context-aware access. Anomaly detection is enabled through a privacy-preserving mechanism based on behavioral fingerprinting and federated learning. The platform supports immersive human-machine interaction via gesture recognition, empowering workers to control and interact with industrial systems. Use cases demonstrate the system’s ability to support gesture-based control and intelligent monitoring, highlighting its potential to enhance adaptability, security, and worker empowerment in Industry 5.0 environments.