Ultraviolet radiation, particularly UVA (315–400 nm), is a major contributor to skin photoaging through the induction of oxidative stress, inflammation, and structural damage to dermal components. Effective photoprotection requires a coordinated interplay between endogenous antioxidant defenses and exogenous strategies, including topical formulations and nutritional interventions, aimed at preserving cellular homeostasis under UV exposure. This work explores complementary approaches to enhance skin protection against UVA-induced oxidative damage. Natural and synthetic UV-shielding compounds were investigated for their photoprotective potential, with particular attention to marine-inspired thiol derivatives structurally related to ovothiols and botanical extracts such as honeybush. The role of one-carbon metabolism in skin photoprotection was also examined through the evaluation of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) as a systemic supportive strategy. Given the sensitivity of folates to UV radiation and their central involvement in nucleotide biosynthesis and methylation processes, maintaining adequate folate availability may represent a key factor in sustaining cellular repair capacity and redox balance following UV exposure. Additionally, the endogenous antioxidant enzyme paraoxonase-2 (PON2) was investigated as a potential indicator of UVA-induced oxidative stress and cellular adaptive responses, to better characterize cellular redox adaptation and stress-response pathways in skin cells. Building on the studies of UV-shielding compounds and systemic photoprotection, this thesis also explored the development and characterization of cosmetic formulations enriched with aqueous botanical extracts. Plant-derived infusions incorporated into oil-in-water emulsions were characterized to assess their contribution to antioxidant activity, formulation stability, and potential UV-filtering properties. Overall, this thesis analyzed a multidimensional perspective on skin photoprotection, integrating UV-shielding natural compounds, systemic folate metabolism, and topical antioxidant formulations, highlighting the potential of synergistic topical and nutritional strategies to counteract UVA-induced damage and promote skin health.
La radiazione ultravioletta, in particolare gli UVA (315–400 nm), rappresenta uno dei principali fattori responsabili dell’invecchiamento cutaneo attraverso l’induzione di stress ossidativo, infiammazione e danno strutturale ai componenti dermici. Un’efficace fotoprotezione richiede un’interazione coordinata tra le difese antiossidanti endogene e strategie esogene, che includono formulazioni topiche ed interventi nutrizionali, volte a preservare l’omeostasi cellulare in condizioni di esposizione ai raggi UV. Questo lavoro esplora approcci complementari volti a contrastare il danno ossidativo indotto dai raggi UVA nei confronti della pelle. Composti naturali e sintetici dotati di capacità schermanti nei confronti dei raggi UV, sono stati valutati per il loro potenziale fotoprotettivo, con particolare attenzione a derivati tiolici di ispirazione marina (strutturalmente correlati agli ovotioli) ed estratti botanici come l’honeybush. Il ruolo del metabolismo a un carbonio nella fotoprotezione cutanea è stato inoltre esaminato attraverso la valutazione del 5-metiltetraidrofolato (5-MTHF) come strategia sistemica di supporto. Considerata la sensibilità dei folati alla radiazione UV e il loro coinvolgimento centrale nella biosintesi dei nucleotidi e nei processi di metilazione, il mantenimento di un’adeguata disponibilità di folati può rappresentare un fattore chiave per sostenere la capacità di riparazione cellulare e l’equilibrio redox in seguito all’esposizione ai raggi UV. Inoltre, l’enzima antiossidante endogeno paraoxonasi-2 (PON2) è stato studiato per caratterizzare meglio i meccanismi intrinseci di adattamento redox e le vie di risposta allo stress attivate in seguito all’esposizione a UVA. Parallelamente, è stato esplorato lo sviluppo e la caratterizzazione di formulazioni cosmetiche arricchite con estratti botanici acquosi, incorporati in emulsioni olio-in-acqua, al fine di valutarne il loro contributo all’attività antiossidante, alla stabilità della formulazione e alle potenziali proprietà di protezione dall’UV. Nel complesso, questa ricerca fornisce una prospettiva multidimensionale sulla fotoprotezione cutanea, integrando composti naturali con capacità schermante, supporto metabolico sistemico e formulazioni antiossidanti topiche, evidenziando la possibilità dell’utilizzo di strategie sinergiche topiche e nutrizionali per contrastare il danno indotto da UVA e promuovere la salute della pelle.
Exploring the Photoprotective Potential of Natural Compounds: Insights into UV-induced Oxidative Stress Modulation / Luccarini, Alessia. - (2026 Mar 06).
Exploring the Photoprotective Potential of Natural Compounds: Insights into UV-induced Oxidative Stress Modulation
LUCCARINI, ALESSIA
2026-03-06
Abstract
Ultraviolet radiation, particularly UVA (315–400 nm), is a major contributor to skin photoaging through the induction of oxidative stress, inflammation, and structural damage to dermal components. Effective photoprotection requires a coordinated interplay between endogenous antioxidant defenses and exogenous strategies, including topical formulations and nutritional interventions, aimed at preserving cellular homeostasis under UV exposure. This work explores complementary approaches to enhance skin protection against UVA-induced oxidative damage. Natural and synthetic UV-shielding compounds were investigated for their photoprotective potential, with particular attention to marine-inspired thiol derivatives structurally related to ovothiols and botanical extracts such as honeybush. The role of one-carbon metabolism in skin photoprotection was also examined through the evaluation of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) as a systemic supportive strategy. Given the sensitivity of folates to UV radiation and their central involvement in nucleotide biosynthesis and methylation processes, maintaining adequate folate availability may represent a key factor in sustaining cellular repair capacity and redox balance following UV exposure. Additionally, the endogenous antioxidant enzyme paraoxonase-2 (PON2) was investigated as a potential indicator of UVA-induced oxidative stress and cellular adaptive responses, to better characterize cellular redox adaptation and stress-response pathways in skin cells. Building on the studies of UV-shielding compounds and systemic photoprotection, this thesis also explored the development and characterization of cosmetic formulations enriched with aqueous botanical extracts. Plant-derived infusions incorporated into oil-in-water emulsions were characterized to assess their contribution to antioxidant activity, formulation stability, and potential UV-filtering properties. Overall, this thesis analyzed a multidimensional perspective on skin photoprotection, integrating UV-shielding natural compounds, systemic folate metabolism, and topical antioxidant formulations, highlighting the potential of synergistic topical and nutritional strategies to counteract UVA-induced damage and promote skin health.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.


