Title: "Green Pass for longevity: predictive factors of clinical outcomes in patients with advanced solid tumors undergoing treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors" Background: Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of cancer patients. For a more comprehensive outcome assessment, it is essential to evaluate the nutritional status of patients undergoing immunotherapy by analyzing BMI, dietary parameters, and body composition. This study investigates the pro-gnostic role of clinical factors such as Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT), dietary habits, and body composition in patients with advanced tumors, both at baseline and during treatment, correlating these pa-rameters with clinical outcomes. Materials and Methods: The study includes both a retrospective and a prospective cohort. The retrospec-tive phase analyzed clinicopathological characteristics, metabolic comorbidities, biochemical parameters (lipid profile, NLR, and CONUT score), and body composition of patients with various solid tumors. The prospective phase, initiated in June 2021, involved the collection of clinicopathological data and the crea-tion of a biobank of tumor tissue and blood samples. Nutritional status was assessed using the SARC-F questionnaire and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), correlating the findings with disease control ra-te (DCR), progression free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Results: With a median follow-up of 22.3 months, a CONUT score ≤ 4 was associated with a better DCR (73% vs. 36%, p=0.008), longer PFS (10.3 vs. 3.4 months, HR 0.32, p<0.001), and longer OS (18.4 vs. 3.6 months, HR 0.32, p<0.001). Patients with lower intramuscular adipose tissue showed significantly longer OS (35.8 vs. 11.9 months, HR 0.61, p=0.05). In the prospective analysis, 50% of patients had a high FMI, 38.5% had a low FFMI, and 26.9% had a low SMI. Additionally, 49.1% had insufficient daily fiber intake, and 18.9% showed signs of sarcopenia (SARC-F ≥ 4). Among comorbidities, 27.5% had diabetes, 68.1% had hypertension, and 28.9% had cardiovascular disease. The median NLR was 4.46. Conclusions: The analysis highlights the prognostic value of systemic inflammation parameters, nutritio-nal status, and body composition in selecting patients who may benefit most from immunotherapy. The CONUT score proves to be a simple and useful biomarker for patient stratification before initiating ICI therapy. The study emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary approach, including early evaluation of nutritional status and body composition, to optimize therapeutic outcomes.
Titolo: “Green Pass for longevity: fattori predittivi di outcome clinici in pazienti con tumori solidi avanzati in trattamento con inibitori dei checkpoints immunitari” Background: L'immunoterapia ha rivoluzionato il trattamento dei pazienti oncologici. Per una stima più completa dell’outcome, è essenziale valutare lo stato nutrizionale dei pazienti sottoposti a immunoterapia, analizzando BMI, parametri dietetici e composizione corporea. Questo studio indaga il ruolo prognostico di fattori clinici come il Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT), le abitudini alimentari e la composizione corporea in pazienti con tumori avanzati, sia al basale che durante il trattamento, correlando tali para-metri agli outcome clinici. Materiali e metodi: Lo studio include una coorte retrospettiva e una prospettica. La fase retrospettiva ha analizzato caratteristiche clinicopatologiche, comorbidità metaboliche, parametri biochimici (profilo lipidico, NLR e CONUT score) e composizione corporea di pazienti con diversi tumori solidi. La fase prospettica, avviata nel giugno 2021, ha previsto la raccolta di dati clinico-patologici e la creazione di una biobanca di campioni tissutali e di sangue. Lo stato nutrizionale è stato valutato tramite questionario SARC-F e bioimpedenziometria (BIA), con correlazione ai tassi di controllo della malattia (DCR), sopravvivenza libera da progressione (PFS) e sopravvivenza globale (OS). Risultati: Con un follow-up mediano di 22,3 mesi, il CONUT score ≤ 4 è stato associato a un miglior DCR (73% vs 36%, p=0,008), una PFS più lunga (10,3 vs 3,4 mesi, HR 0,32, p<0,001) e un’OS più estesa (18,4 vs 3,6 mesi, HR 0,32, p<0,001). I pazienti con minore tessuto adiposo intramuscolare hanno mostra-to un’OS significativamente più lunga (35,8 vs 11,9 mesi, HR 0,61, p=0,05). Nell'analisi prospettica, il 50% dei pazienti aveva un FMI elevato, il 38,5% un FFMI basso e il 26,9% un SMI basso. Inoltre, il 49,1% mostrava un'assunzione giornaliera di fibre insufficiente e il 18,9% aveva segni di sarcopenia (SARC-F ≥ 4). Tra le comorbidità, il 27,5% era affetto da diabete, il 68,1% da ipertensione e il 28,9% da malattie cardiovascolari. Il NLR mediano era 4,46. Conclusioni: L'analisi evidenzia il valore prognostico dei parametri di infiammazione sistemica, stato nutrizionale e composizione corporea nella selezione dei pazienti che potrebbero trarre maggior beneficio dall’immunoterapia. Il CONUT score si conferma un biomarcatore semplice e utile per stratificare i pazienti prima dell’inizio dell'ICI. Lo studio sottolinea l'importanza di un approccio multidisciplinare, includendo la valutazione precoce dello stato nutrizionale e della composizione corporea per ottimizzare gli esiti terapeutici.
Green Pass for longevity: fattori predittivi di outcome clinici in pazienti con tumori solidi avanzati in trattamento con inibitori dei checkpoints immunitari / Tarantino, Valentina. - (2025 May 31).
Green Pass for longevity: fattori predittivi di outcome clinici in pazienti con tumori solidi avanzati in trattamento con inibitori dei checkpoints immunitari
TARANTINO, VALENTINA
2025-05-31
Abstract
Title: "Green Pass for longevity: predictive factors of clinical outcomes in patients with advanced solid tumors undergoing treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors" Background: Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of cancer patients. For a more comprehensive outcome assessment, it is essential to evaluate the nutritional status of patients undergoing immunotherapy by analyzing BMI, dietary parameters, and body composition. This study investigates the pro-gnostic role of clinical factors such as Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT), dietary habits, and body composition in patients with advanced tumors, both at baseline and during treatment, correlating these pa-rameters with clinical outcomes. Materials and Methods: The study includes both a retrospective and a prospective cohort. The retrospec-tive phase analyzed clinicopathological characteristics, metabolic comorbidities, biochemical parameters (lipid profile, NLR, and CONUT score), and body composition of patients with various solid tumors. The prospective phase, initiated in June 2021, involved the collection of clinicopathological data and the crea-tion of a biobank of tumor tissue and blood samples. Nutritional status was assessed using the SARC-F questionnaire and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), correlating the findings with disease control ra-te (DCR), progression free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Results: With a median follow-up of 22.3 months, a CONUT score ≤ 4 was associated with a better DCR (73% vs. 36%, p=0.008), longer PFS (10.3 vs. 3.4 months, HR 0.32, p<0.001), and longer OS (18.4 vs. 3.6 months, HR 0.32, p<0.001). Patients with lower intramuscular adipose tissue showed significantly longer OS (35.8 vs. 11.9 months, HR 0.61, p=0.05). In the prospective analysis, 50% of patients had a high FMI, 38.5% had a low FFMI, and 26.9% had a low SMI. Additionally, 49.1% had insufficient daily fiber intake, and 18.9% showed signs of sarcopenia (SARC-F ≥ 4). Among comorbidities, 27.5% had diabetes, 68.1% had hypertension, and 28.9% had cardiovascular disease. The median NLR was 4.46. Conclusions: The analysis highlights the prognostic value of systemic inflammation parameters, nutritio-nal status, and body composition in selecting patients who may benefit most from immunotherapy. The CONUT score proves to be a simple and useful biomarker for patient stratification before initiating ICI therapy. The study emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary approach, including early evaluation of nutritional status and body composition, to optimize therapeutic outcomes.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.