In recent years, the EU is lagging behind other countries in the development and adoption of some advanced digital technologies, such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) and blockchain (Draghi Mario, 2024b). In this context, the EU has highlighted the need to strengthen its technological and digital sovereignty in strategic areas (Bauer & Erixon, 2020). In Italy the delay in the adoption of advanced digital technologies is even more evident, especially in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Given these premises, the thesis aims to analyse if and to what extent Italian companies are able to master the development and adoption of digital technologies and whether a lack of autonomy in development may hinder their diffusion. Specifically, this work focuses on blockchain technology and its application for supply chain traceability in Italy. The first chapter discusses the concept of technological and digital sovereignty, then the second chapter focuses on the development of blockchain technology. Given the low level of blockchain development in Italy, the subsequent chapters focus on the adoption of this technology in “Made in Italy” sectors. Specifically, the empirical analyses investigate the factors, at the company and local level, that may influence the adoption of blockchain technology in the food and fashion sectors. The results show that only a very limited number of companies have adopted blockchain technology in the sectors analysed, despite the potential benefits for the traceability of the supply chains. Moreover, the size of the company is one of the main factors explaining its adoption. Finally, the last chapter provides a case study analysis aiming to support the evidence of previous quantitative analyses. Findings suggest that there is a need to design effective industrial policies at regional and national level to enhance the adoption of blockchain technology, especially in SMEs.
Negli ultimi anni, l'UE è rimasta indietro rispetto ad altri paesi nello sviluppo e nell'adozione di alcune tecnologie digitali avanzate, come l'Intelligenza Artificiale (IA) e la blockchain (Draghi Mario, 2024b). In questo contesto, l'UE ha evidenziato la necessità di rafforzare la propria sovranità tecnologica e digitale in aree strategiche (Bauer & Erixon, 2020). In Italia il ritardo nell'adozione di tecnologie digitali avanzate è più evidente, soprattutto nelle piccole e medie imprese (PMI). La tesi mira ad analizzare se e in che misura le imprese italiane siano in grado di padroneggiare lo sviluppo e l'adozione delle tecnologie digitali e se una mancanza di autonomia nello sviluppo possa ostacolarne la diffusione. Nello specifico, questo lavoro si concentra sulla tecnologia blockchain e sulla sua applicazione per la tracciabilità delle filiere in Italia. Il primo capitolo discute il tema della sovranità tecnologica e digitale, poi il secondo capitolo si focalizza sullo sviluppo della tecnologia blockchain. Dato il basso livello di sviluppo della blockchain, i capitoli successivi si focalizzano sull’adozione di questa tecnologia nei settori “Made in Italy”. Nello specifico, l’analisi empirica investiga i fattori, a livello d’impresa e locale, che possono influenzare l'adozione della tecnologia blockchain nei settori alimentare e della moda. I risultati mostrano che solo un numero molto limitato di imprese ha adottato la tecnologia blockchain nei settori analizzati, nonostante i potenziali vantaggi per la tracciabilità della filiera. La dimensione d’impresa è uno dei principali fattori che ne spiegano l'adozione. Infine, l’ultimo capitolo fornisce l’analisi di un caso studio volta a supportare l’evidenza delle precedenti analisi quantitative. I risultati suggeriscono la necessità di progettare politiche industriali efficaci a livello regionale e nazionale per migliorare l'adozione della tecnologia blockchain, soprattutto nelle PMI.
Technological sovereignty, development and adoption of digital technologies / Orci, Martina. - (2025 Mar 21).
Technological sovereignty, development and adoption of digital technologies
ORCI, MARTINA
2025-03-21
Abstract
In recent years, the EU is lagging behind other countries in the development and adoption of some advanced digital technologies, such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) and blockchain (Draghi Mario, 2024b). In this context, the EU has highlighted the need to strengthen its technological and digital sovereignty in strategic areas (Bauer & Erixon, 2020). In Italy the delay in the adoption of advanced digital technologies is even more evident, especially in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Given these premises, the thesis aims to analyse if and to what extent Italian companies are able to master the development and adoption of digital technologies and whether a lack of autonomy in development may hinder their diffusion. Specifically, this work focuses on blockchain technology and its application for supply chain traceability in Italy. The first chapter discusses the concept of technological and digital sovereignty, then the second chapter focuses on the development of blockchain technology. Given the low level of blockchain development in Italy, the subsequent chapters focus on the adoption of this technology in “Made in Italy” sectors. Specifically, the empirical analyses investigate the factors, at the company and local level, that may influence the adoption of blockchain technology in the food and fashion sectors. The results show that only a very limited number of companies have adopted blockchain technology in the sectors analysed, despite the potential benefits for the traceability of the supply chains. Moreover, the size of the company is one of the main factors explaining its adoption. Finally, the last chapter provides a case study analysis aiming to support the evidence of previous quantitative analyses. Findings suggest that there is a need to design effective industrial policies at regional and national level to enhance the adoption of blockchain technology, especially in SMEs.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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