The prevalence of DKA (diabetic ketoacidosis) at the onset of type 1 diabetes is very high worldwide, in Italy it exceeds 40%. This complication is associated with increased mortality and morbidity, possible morphological damage to the CNS, possible prolonged cognitive deficits, increased costs, worse long-term glycemic control compared to those who do not have DKA at the onset. Controlled and observational clinical studies suggest that the use of technology has a positive effect on metabolic control in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). Information on the effectiveness of automated insulin delivery systems (AID) used from the clinical onset of T1D on glycemic control is currently scarce. A randomized controlled study has shown that the use of AID systems at the clinical onset of diabetes does not preserve the reduction of C-peptide. However, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) improved after two years. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of the use of AID systems positioned within 60 days of diabetes diagnosis on metabolic control 12 and 24 months after clinical onset in a real-life context. A multicenter, observational, retrospective study was conducted on new cases of T1D registered in the period January 1, 2021 - December 31, 2022. 30 Italian pediatric diabetes centers participated in the study with a total of 1067 children and adolescents aged between 6 months and 17 years. Of the 191 who used AID at onset, 88 (46.3%) presented DKA at onset. The HbA1c obtained at the 12 and 24-month check-up and the average HbA1c for the year were significantly lower in the group that positioned AID within 60 days of T1D onset. Also TIR, TAR 180-250 and TAR >250 were significantly lower in the group with AID at onset. This group also required a lower number of visits during the first and second year of follow-up. DKA significantly reduces the probability of obtaining good metabolic control in the first year of disease. The use of AID within 60 days of onset positively influences the good metabolic performance during the first year of follow-up, which is the most significant factor in predicting good glycemic-metabolic performance also in the second year of follow-up.
La prevalenza di DKA (chetoacidosi diabetica) all’esordio del diabete tipo 1 in tutto il mondo è molto elevata, in Italia supera il 40%. Questa complicanza si associa ad aumento della mortalità e morbilità, possibili danni morfologici al SNC, possibili deficit cognitivi prolungati, aumento dei costi, peggiore controllo glicemico a lungo termine rispetto a chi non ha la DKA all’esordio. Studi clinici controllati e osservazionali suggeriscono che l’uso della tecnologia abbia un effetto positivo sul controllo metabolico in bambini con diabete mellito tipo 1 (DT1). Le informazioni relative all’efficacia dei sistemi a rilascio automatico dell’insulina (Automated Insulin Delivery system, AID) utilizzati fin dall’esordio clinico del DT1 sul controllo glicometabolico sono attualmente scarse. Uno studio randomizzato controllato ha dimostrato che l’uso dei sistemi AID all’esordio clinico del diabete non preserva dalla riduzione del C-peptide. Tuttavia l’emoglobina glicosilata (HbA1c) a distanza di due anni era migliorata. Obiettivo dello studio è stato valutare gli effetti dell’utilizzo dei sistemi AID posizionati entro i 60 giorni dalla diagnosi di diabete sul controllo metabolico a distanza di 12 e 24 mesi dall’esordio clinico in un contesto real-life. E’ stato condotto uno studio multicentrico, osservazionale, retrospettivo, sui nuovi casi di DT1 registrati nel periodo 1° gennaio 2021 - 31 dicembre 2022. Hanno partecipato allo studio 30 centri di diabetologia pediatrica italiani con un totale di 1067 bambini e adolescenti di età compresa tra i 6 mesi e i 17 anni. Dei 191 che hanno utilizzato AID all’esordio, 88 (46.3%) hanno presentato DKA all’esordio. L’HbA1c ottenuta al controllo a 12 e 24 mesi e l’HbA1c media dell’anno è risultata significativamente minore nel gruppo che ha posizionato AID entro 60 giorni dall’esordio di DT1. Anche TIR, TAR 180-250 e TAR >250 sono risultati significativamente minori nel gruppo con AID all’esordio. Questo gruppo ha inoltre necessitato di un numero minore di visite nel corso del primo e del secondo anno di follow-up. La DKA riduce significativamente la probabilità di ottenere un buon controllo metabolico nel primo anno di malattia. L’uso di AID entro 60 giorni dall’esordio influenza positivamente il buon andamento metabolico nel corso del primo anno di follow-up che risulta essere il fattore più significativo per predire il buon andamento glico-metabolico anche nel secondo anno di follow-up.
IMPATTO DELL’UTILIZZO DEI SISTEMI DI EROGAZIONE AUTOMATICA D’INSULINA (AID) ALLA DIAGNOSI DI DIABETE TIPO 1 CON CHETOACIDOSI DIABETICA IN ETÀ PEDIATRICA / Tiberi, Valentina. - (2025 Mar 31).
IMPATTO DELL’UTILIZZO DEI SISTEMI DI EROGAZIONE AUTOMATICA D’INSULINA (AID) ALLA DIAGNOSI DI DIABETE TIPO 1 CON CHETOACIDOSI DIABETICA IN ETÀ PEDIATRICA
TIBERI, VALENTINA
2025-03-31
Abstract
The prevalence of DKA (diabetic ketoacidosis) at the onset of type 1 diabetes is very high worldwide, in Italy it exceeds 40%. This complication is associated with increased mortality and morbidity, possible morphological damage to the CNS, possible prolonged cognitive deficits, increased costs, worse long-term glycemic control compared to those who do not have DKA at the onset. Controlled and observational clinical studies suggest that the use of technology has a positive effect on metabolic control in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). Information on the effectiveness of automated insulin delivery systems (AID) used from the clinical onset of T1D on glycemic control is currently scarce. A randomized controlled study has shown that the use of AID systems at the clinical onset of diabetes does not preserve the reduction of C-peptide. However, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) improved after two years. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of the use of AID systems positioned within 60 days of diabetes diagnosis on metabolic control 12 and 24 months after clinical onset in a real-life context. A multicenter, observational, retrospective study was conducted on new cases of T1D registered in the period January 1, 2021 - December 31, 2022. 30 Italian pediatric diabetes centers participated in the study with a total of 1067 children and adolescents aged between 6 months and 17 years. Of the 191 who used AID at onset, 88 (46.3%) presented DKA at onset. The HbA1c obtained at the 12 and 24-month check-up and the average HbA1c for the year were significantly lower in the group that positioned AID within 60 days of T1D onset. Also TIR, TAR 180-250 and TAR >250 were significantly lower in the group with AID at onset. This group also required a lower number of visits during the first and second year of follow-up. DKA significantly reduces the probability of obtaining good metabolic control in the first year of disease. The use of AID within 60 days of onset positively influences the good metabolic performance during the first year of follow-up, which is the most significant factor in predicting good glycemic-metabolic performance also in the second year of follow-up.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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