Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition of the airways characterized by respiratory symptoms and variable and reversible expiratory flow limitation, which can be often controlled with appropriate treatments. Despite advancements in management strategies, including the new deployed biologic therapies, small airway dysfunction (SAD) remains a critical aspect of asthma that is often underdiagnosed and poorly understood. Emerging techniques, such as oscillometry, offer a promising avenue for assessing SAD. This longitudinal study explored the role of oscillometry in asthma management, in a real-world setting, focusing on its integration into routine clinical practice. The primary objective was to evaluate the impact of dupilumab on small airways in patients with asthma, with or without comorbid nasal polyps. Secondary objectives included assessing dupilumab's effects on broader asthma outcomes, such as lung function (spirometry), biomarkers (blood eosinophil, fractional exhaled nitric oxide), symptom control, exacerbation frequency, and oral corticosteroid use. Additionally, the study investigated correlations between oscillometric variables and the other clinical, functional, and laboratory outcomes. The results showed changes in Resistance and Reactance, after the start of dupilumab, especially in the expiratory phase, that might reflect the impact of this treatment on the small airways. These findings have the potential to enhance our understanding of SAD and its role in asthma pathophysiology, supporting the use of oscillometry as a valuable tool for precise disease characterization and targeted therapeutic interventions.
L'asma è una condizione infiammatoria cronica delle vie aeree caratterizzata da sintomi respiratori e dalla limitazione variabile e reversibile del flusso espiratorio, che può essere spesso controllata con trattamenti appropriati. Nonostante i progressi nelle strategie di gestione, tra cui le nuove terapie biologiche implementate, la piccola disfunzione delle vie aeree (SAD) rimane un aspetto critico dell'asma che è spesso sottodiagnosticato e mal compreso. Le tecniche emergenti, come l'oscilometria, offrono una via promettente per valutare la SAD. Questo studio longitudinale ha esplorato il ruolo dell'oscillometria nella gestione dell'asma, in un contesto reale, concentrandosi sulla sua integrazione nella pratica clinica di routine. L'obiettivo primario era di valutare l'impatto del dupilumab sulle piccole vie respiratorie in pazienti con asma, con o senza polipi nasali comorbi. Gli obiettivi secondari includevano la valutazione degli effetti di dupilumab su esiti asmatici più ampi, come la funzione polmonare (spirometria), biomarcatori (eosinofilo del sangue, ossido nitrico esalato frazionato), controllo dei sintomi, frequenza delle esacerbazioni e uso orale di corticosteroidi. Inoltre, lo studio ha esaminato le correlazioni tra variabili oscillometriche e gli altri risultati clinici, funzionali e di laboratorio. I risultati hanno mostrato cambiamenti nella Resistenza e Reattanza, dopo l'inizio del dupilumab, specialmente nella fase espiratoria, che potrebbero riflettere l'impatto di questo trattamento sulle piccole vie aeree. Questi risultati hanno il potenziale per migliorare la nostra comprensione di SAD e del suo ruolo nella patofisiologia dell'asma, sostenendo l'uso dell'oscilometria come strumento prezioso per la caratterizzazione precisa della malattia e gli interventi terapeutici mirati.
Exploring the Impact of Biologic Therapies on Small Airway Function in Severe Asthma / Martini, Matteo. - (2025 Jan 31).
Exploring the Impact of Biologic Therapies on Small Airway Function in Severe Asthma
MARTINI, MATTEO
2025-01-31
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition of the airways characterized by respiratory symptoms and variable and reversible expiratory flow limitation, which can be often controlled with appropriate treatments. Despite advancements in management strategies, including the new deployed biologic therapies, small airway dysfunction (SAD) remains a critical aspect of asthma that is often underdiagnosed and poorly understood. Emerging techniques, such as oscillometry, offer a promising avenue for assessing SAD. This longitudinal study explored the role of oscillometry in asthma management, in a real-world setting, focusing on its integration into routine clinical practice. The primary objective was to evaluate the impact of dupilumab on small airways in patients with asthma, with or without comorbid nasal polyps. Secondary objectives included assessing dupilumab's effects on broader asthma outcomes, such as lung function (spirometry), biomarkers (blood eosinophil, fractional exhaled nitric oxide), symptom control, exacerbation frequency, and oral corticosteroid use. Additionally, the study investigated correlations between oscillometric variables and the other clinical, functional, and laboratory outcomes. The results showed changes in Resistance and Reactance, after the start of dupilumab, especially in the expiratory phase, that might reflect the impact of this treatment on the small airways. These findings have the potential to enhance our understanding of SAD and its role in asthma pathophysiology, supporting the use of oscillometry as a valuable tool for precise disease characterization and targeted therapeutic interventions.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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