Trends in Mortality in People With HIV From 1999 through 2020: A Multicohort Collaboration

Tusch, Erich; Ryom, Lene; Pelchen-Matthews, Annegret; Mocroft, Amanda; Elbirt, Daniel; Oprea, Cristiana; Günthard, Huldrych F; Staehelin, Cornelia; Zangerle, Robert; Suarez, Isabelle; Vehreschild, Jörg Janne; Wit, Ferdinand; Menozzi, Marianna; D'Arminio Monforte, Antonella; Spagnuolo, Vincenzo; Pradier, Christian; Carlander, Christina; Suanzes, Paula; Wasmuth, Jan-Christian; Carr, Andrew; Petoumenos, Kathy; Borgans, Frauke; Bonnet, Fabrice; De Wit, Stephane; El-Sadr, Wafaa; Neesgaard, Bastian; Jaschinski, Nadine; Greenberg, Lauren; Hosein, Sean R; Gallant, Joel; Vannappagari, Vani; Young, Lital; Sabin, Caroline; Lundgren, Jens; Peters, Lars; Reekie, Joanne; Null, Null; El-Sadr, W; Calvo, G; Bonnet, F; Dabis, F; Kirk, O; Mocroft, A; Law, M; D'Arminio Monforte, A; Morfeldt, L; Pradier, C; Reiss, P; Weber, R; De Wit, S; Lind-Thomsen, A; Brandt, R Salbøl; Hillebreght, M; Zaheri, S; Wit, F W N M; Scherrer, A; Schöni-Affolter, F; Rickenbach, M; Tavelli, A; Fanti, I; Leleux, O; Mourali, J; Marec, F Le; 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doi:10.1093/cid/ciae228

Background: Mortality among people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) declined with the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy. We investigated trends in mortality in people with HIV from 1999 through 2020. Methods: Data were collected from the Data Collection on Adverse events of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) cohort between January 1999 through January 2015 and the International Cohort Consortium of Infectious Disease (RESPOND) from October 2017 through December 2020. Age-standardized all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates, classified using Coding Causes of Death in HIV, were calculated. Poisson models were used to assess mortality over time. Results: Among 55 716 participants followed for median 6 years (interquartile range, 3-11), 5263 died (mortality rate [MR], 13.7/1000 person-years of follow-up [PYFU]; 95% confidence interval [CI], 13.4-14.1). Changing mortality was observed: AIDS mortality was most common between 1999-2009 (n = 952; MR, 4.2/1000 PYFU; 95% CI, 4.0-4.5) and non-AIDS-defining malignancy (NADM) between 2010-2020 (n = 444; MR, 2.8/1000 PYFU; 95% CI, 2.5-3.1). In multivariable analysis, all-cause mortality declined (adjusted mortality rate ratio [aMRR], 0.97 per year; 95% CI,. 96-.98), mostly 1999-2010 (aMRR, 0.96 per year; 95% CI,. 95-.97) but was stable 2011-2020 (aMRR, 1.00 per year; 95% CI,. 96-1.05). Mortality due to all known causes except NADM also declined. Conclusions: Mortality among people with HIV in the D:A:D and/or RESPOND cohorts declined between 1999-2009 and was stable over the period 2010-2020. This decline in mortality was not fully explained by improvements in immunologic-virologic status or other risk factors.

Trends in Mortality in People With HIV From 1999 through 2020: A Multicohort Collaboration / Tusch, Erich; Ryom, Lene; Pelchen-Matthews, Annegret; Mocroft, Amanda; Elbirt, Daniel; Oprea, Cristiana; Günthard, Huldrych F; Staehelin, Cornelia; Zangerle, Robert; Suarez, Isabelle; Vehreschild, Jörg Janne; Wit, Ferdinand; Menozzi, Marianna; d'Arminio Monforte, Antonella; Spagnuolo, Vincenzo; Pradier, Christian; Carlander, Christina; Suanzes, Paula; Wasmuth, Jan-Christian; Carr, Andrew; Petoumenos, Kathy; Borgans, Frauke; Bonnet, Fabrice; De Wit, Stephane; El-Sadr, Wafaa; Neesgaard, Bastian; Jaschinski, Nadine; Greenberg, Lauren; Hosein, Sean R; Gallant, Joel; Vannappagari, Vani; Young, Lital; Sabin, Caroline; Lundgren, Jens; Peters, Lars; Reekie, Joanne; Null, Null; El-Sadr, W; Calvo, G; Bonnet, F; Dabis, F; Kirk, O; Mocroft, A; Law, M; d'Arminio Monforte, A; Morfeldt, L; Pradier, C; Reiss, P; Weber, R; De Wit, S; Lind-Thomsen, A; Brandt, R Salbøl; Hillebreght, M; Zaheri, S; Wit, F W N M; Scherrer, A; 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[10.1093/cid/ciae228]