Electrolyte Measures to Prevent Polysulfide Shuttle in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

Lithium-sulfur (Li−S) batteries are recognized as one of the most promising technologies with the potential to become the next-generation batteries. However, to ensure Li−S batteries reach commercialization, complex challenges remain, among which the tailoring of an appropriate electrolyte is the most important. This review discusses the role of electrolytes in Li−S batteries, focusing on the main issues and solutions for the shuttle mechanism of polysulfides and the instability of the interface with lithium metal. Herein, we present a background on Li−S chemistry followed by the state-of-the-art electrolytes highlighting the different strategies undertaken with liquid and solid electrolytes.