Selection maps based on multi-objective optimization of design and control for residential heat pumps systems

Although heat pumps are one of the most promising technologies to support the energy transition in space heating sector more knowledge is needed on how to design their installation for different plant configuration and control strategy. In this work a methodology to obtain selection maps, which consider both the sizing of the system and the influence of the control strategy, is proposed. Both the optimal design parameters and control strategies are evaluated to minimize seasonal energy consumption and investment cost. The methodology is applied to a reference Italian residential building. Results show that, regardless of the objective function, the optimal size of the heat pump increases as the temperature level of the hot source increases. Furthermore, the selection maps show how the optimal sizing varies according to the control strategy (i.e., fixed supply temperature or compensation curve) and the presence of a thermal storage device. In general, however, the proposed methodology aims to extrapolate the link between the design and the operation of a heat pump system. Therefore, the selection maps can represent an important instrument to select the main features of the installation depending on the operating conditions.