Let f be a compact vector field of class C1 on a real Hilbert space H. Denote by B the open unit ball of H and by S = ∂B the unit sphere. Given a point q ∉ f(S), consider the self-map of S defined by (Equation Presented) If H is finite dimensional, then S is an orientable, connected, compact differentiable manifold. Therefore, the Brouwer degree, degBr(fq∂) is well defined, no matter what orientation of S is chosen, assuming it is the same for S as domain and codomain of fq∂. This degree may be considered as a modern reformulation of the Kronecker index of the map fq∂. Let degBr(f,B,q) denote the Brouwer degree of f on B with target q. It is known that one has the equality (Equation Presented) Our purpose is an extension of this formula to the infinite dimensional context. Namely, we will prove that (Equation Presented) where degLS(∙) denotes the Leray–Schauder degree and degbf(∙) is the degree earlier introduced by M. Furi and the first author, which extends, to the infinite dimensional case, the Brouwer degree and the Kronecker index. In other words, here, we extend to the Leray–Schauder degree the boundary dependence property which holds for the Brouwer degree in the finite dimensional context.
An infinite dimensional version of the Kronecker index and its relation with the Leray–Schauder degree / Benevieri, Pierluigi; Calamai, Alessandro; Pera, Maria Patrizia. - In: ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ANALYSIS UND IHRE ANWENDUNGEN. - ISSN 0232-2064. - STAMPA. - 43:1(2024), pp. 169-197. [10.4171/zaa/1750]
An infinite dimensional version of the Kronecker index and its relation with the Leray–Schauder degree
Calamai, Alessandro
;Pera, Maria Patrizia
2024-01-01
Abstract
Let f be a compact vector field of class C1 on a real Hilbert space H. Denote by B the open unit ball of H and by S = ∂B the unit sphere. Given a point q ∉ f(S), consider the self-map of S defined by (Equation Presented) If H is finite dimensional, then S is an orientable, connected, compact differentiable manifold. Therefore, the Brouwer degree, degBr(fq∂) is well defined, no matter what orientation of S is chosen, assuming it is the same for S as domain and codomain of fq∂. This degree may be considered as a modern reformulation of the Kronecker index of the map fq∂. Let degBr(f,B,q) denote the Brouwer degree of f on B with target q. It is known that one has the equality (Equation Presented) Our purpose is an extension of this formula to the infinite dimensional context. Namely, we will prove that (Equation Presented) where degLS(∙) denotes the Leray–Schauder degree and degbf(∙) is the degree earlier introduced by M. Furi and the first author, which extends, to the infinite dimensional case, the Brouwer degree and the Kronecker index. In other words, here, we extend to the Leray–Schauder degree the boundary dependence property which holds for the Brouwer degree in the finite dimensional context.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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