OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical characteristics, mechanisms of failure, and outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) explantation. BACKGROUND Surgical explantation following TAVR may be required for structural valve degeneration, paravalvular leak, infection, or other reasons. However, in-depth data on indications and outcomes are lacking. METHODS Data from a multicenter, international registry (EXPLANT-TAVR) of patients who underwent TAVR explantation were reviewed retrospectively. Explantations performed during the same admission as initial TAVR were excluded. Clinical and echocardiographic outcomes were evaluated. Median follow-up duration was 6.7 months (interquartile range [IQR]: 1.0-18.8 months) after TAVR explantation and was 97.7% complete at 30 days and 86.1% complete at 1 year. RESULTS From November 2009 to September 2020, 269 patients across 42 centers with a mean age of 72.7 +/- 10.4 years underwent TAVR explantation. About one quarter (25.9%) were deemed low surgical risk at index TAVR, and median Society of Thoracic Surgeons risk at TAVR explantation was 5.6% (IQR: 3.2%-9.6%). The median time to explantation was 11.5 months (IQR: 4.0-32.4 months). Balloon-expandable and self-expanding or mechanically expandable valves accounted for 50.9% and 49.1%, respectively. Indications for explantation included endocarditis (43.1%), structural valve degeneration (20.1%), paravalvular leak (18.2%), and prosthesis-patient mismatch (10.8%). Redo TAVR was not feasible because of unfavorable anatomy in 26.8% of patients. Urgent or emergency cases were performed in 53.1% of patients, aortic root replacement in 13.4%, and 54.6% had concomitant cardiac procedures. Overall survival at last follow-up was 76.1%. In-hospital, 30-day, and 1-year mortality rates were 11.9%, 13.1%, and 28.5%, respectively, and stroke rates were 5.9%, 8.6%, and 18.7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The EXPLANT-TAVR registry reveals that surgical risks associated with TAVR explantation are not negligible and should be taken into consideration in the lifetime management of aortic stenosis. (J Am Coll Cardiol Intv 2021;14:1978-1991) (c) 2021 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.
Surgical Explantation After TAVR Failure / Bapat, Vinayak N.; Zaid, Syed; Fukuhara, Shinichi; Saha, Shekhar; Vitanova, Keti; Kiefer, Philipp; Squiers, John J.; Voisine, Pierre; Pirelli, Luigi; von Ballmoos, Moritz Wyler; Chu, Michael W. A.; Rodés-Cabau, Josep; Dimaio, J. Michael; Borger, Michael A.; Lange, Rudiger; Hagl, Christian; Denti, Paolo; Modine, Thomas; Kaneko, Tsuyoshi; Tang, Gilbert H. L.; Sengupta, Aditya; Holzhey, David; Noack, Thilo; Harrington, Katherine B.; Mohammadi, Siamak; Brinster, Derek R.; Atkins, Marvin D.; Algadheeb, Muhanad; Bagur, Rodrigo; Desai, Nimesh D.; Bhadra, Oliver D.; Conradi, Lenard; Shults, Christian; Satler, Lowell F.; Ramlawi, Basel; Robinson, Newell B.; Wang, Lin; Petrossian, George A.; Andreas, Martin; Werner, Paul; Garatti, Andrea; Vincent, Flavien; Van Belle, Eric; Juthier, Francis; Leroux, Lionel; Doty, John R.; Goldberg, Joshua B.; Ahmad, Hasan A.; Goel, Kashish; Shah, Ashish S.; Geirsson, Arnar; Forrest, John K.; Grubb, Kendra J.; Hirji, Sameer; Shah, Pinak B.; Bruschi, Giuseppe; Gelpi, Guido; Belluschi, Igor; Ouzounian, Maral; Ruel, Marc; Al-Atassi, Talal; Kempfert, Joerg; Unbehaun, Axel; Van Mieghem, Nicholas M.; Hokken, Thijmen W.; Ben Ali, Walid; Ibrahim, Reda; Demers, Philippe; Pizano, Alejandro; Di Eusanio, Marco; Capestro, Filippo; Estevez-Loureiro, Rodrigo; Pinon, Miguel A.; Salinger, Michael H.; Rovin, Joshua; D'Onofrio, Augusto; Tessari, Chiara; Di Virgilio, Antonio; Taramasso, Maurizio; Gennari, Marco; Colli, Andrea; Whisenant, Brian K.; Nazif, Tamim M.; Kleiman, Neal S.; Szerlip, Molly Y.; Waksman, Ron; George, Isaac; Nguyen, Tom C.; Maisano, Francesco; Deeb, G. Michael; Bavaria, Joseph E.; Reardon, Michael J.; Mack, Michael J.; Bapat, Vinayak N.; Brinkman, William T.; Dimaio, J. Michael; George, Timothy J.; Harrington, Katherine B.; Mack, Michael J.; Potluri, Srinivasa; Ryan, William H.; Schaffer, Justin M.; Smith, Robert L.; Squiers, John J.; Szerlip, Molly; Hirji, Sameer; Kaneko, Tsuyoshi; Shah, Pinak B.; George, Isaac; Nazif, Tamim; Rahim, Hussein; Grubb, Kendra; Atkins, Marvin; Goel, Sachin; Kleiman, Neal; Reardon, Michael; Wyler von Ballmoos, Moritz; Doty, John; Whisenant, Brian; Salinger, Michael; Satler, Lowell; Schults, Christian; Waksman, Ron; Fisher, Susan; Rovin, Joshua; Alexis, Sophia L.; Tang, Gilbert H. L.; Brinster, Derek R.; Kliger, Chad A.; Pirelli, Luigi; Rutkin, Bruce; Yu, Pey-Jen; Petrossian, George; Robinson, Newell; Wang, Lin; Deeb, Michael; Fukuhara, Shinichi; Oakley, Jessica; Bavaria, Joseph; Desai, Nimesh; Walsh, Lisa; Nguyen, Tom; Pizano, Alejandro; Ramlawi, Basel; Goel, Kashish; Shah, Ashish S.; Ahmad, Hasan; Goldberg, Joshua; Spielvogel, David; Zaid, Syed; Forrest, John; Geirsson, Arnar; Algadheeb, Muhanad; Bagur, Rodrigo; Chu, Michael; Ben Ali, Walid; Cartier, Raymond; Demers, Philippe; Ibrahim, Reda; Mohammadi, Siamak; Rodes-Cabau, Josep; Voisine, Pierre; Ouzounian, Maral; Abois, Alain-Philippe; Al-Atassi, Talal; Boodhwani, Munir; Dick, Alexander; Glover, Christopher; Labinaz, Marino; Lam, Buu-Khanh; Ruel, Marc; Andreas, Martin; Werner, Paul; Leroux, Lionel; Modine, Thomas; Delhaye, Cedric; Delsaux, Adeline; Denimal, Tom; Gaul, Anaïs; Juthier, Francis; Koussa, Mohammad; Pamart, Thibault; Van Belle, Eric; Vincent, Flavien; Kempfert, Joerg; Sonnabend, Svetlana; Unbehaun, Axel; Krane, Markus; Lange, Rudiger; Munsterer, Andrea; Vitanova, Keti; Borger, Michael; Holzhey, David; Kiefer, Philippe; Noack, Thilo; Hagl, Christian; Saha, Shekhar; Bhadra, Oliver; Conradi, Len; Capestro, Filippo; Di Eusanio, Marco; Di Virgilio, Antonio; Bruschi, Giuseppe; Merlanti, Bruno; Russo, Claudio F.; Gelpi, Guido; Romagnoni, Claudia; Garatti, Andrea; Belluschi, Igor; Denti, Paolo; D'Onofrio, Augusto; Tessari, Chiara; Colli, Andrea; Hokken, Thijmen W.; Van Mieghem, Nicholas; Estevez-Loureiro, Rodrigo; Pinnon, Miguel; Gennari, Marco; Maisano, Francesco; Taramasso, Maurizio. - In: JACC: CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS. - ISSN 1936-8798. - 14:18(2021), pp. 1978-1991. [10.1016/j.jcin.2021.07.015]
Surgical Explantation After TAVR Failure
Di Eusanio, Marco;Capestro, Filippo;Gennari, Marco;Capestro, Filippo;Di Eusanio, Marco;Gennari, Marco;
2021-01-01
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical characteristics, mechanisms of failure, and outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) explantation. BACKGROUND Surgical explantation following TAVR may be required for structural valve degeneration, paravalvular leak, infection, or other reasons. However, in-depth data on indications and outcomes are lacking. METHODS Data from a multicenter, international registry (EXPLANT-TAVR) of patients who underwent TAVR explantation were reviewed retrospectively. Explantations performed during the same admission as initial TAVR were excluded. Clinical and echocardiographic outcomes were evaluated. Median follow-up duration was 6.7 months (interquartile range [IQR]: 1.0-18.8 months) after TAVR explantation and was 97.7% complete at 30 days and 86.1% complete at 1 year. RESULTS From November 2009 to September 2020, 269 patients across 42 centers with a mean age of 72.7 +/- 10.4 years underwent TAVR explantation. About one quarter (25.9%) were deemed low surgical risk at index TAVR, and median Society of Thoracic Surgeons risk at TAVR explantation was 5.6% (IQR: 3.2%-9.6%). The median time to explantation was 11.5 months (IQR: 4.0-32.4 months). Balloon-expandable and self-expanding or mechanically expandable valves accounted for 50.9% and 49.1%, respectively. Indications for explantation included endocarditis (43.1%), structural valve degeneration (20.1%), paravalvular leak (18.2%), and prosthesis-patient mismatch (10.8%). Redo TAVR was not feasible because of unfavorable anatomy in 26.8% of patients. Urgent or emergency cases were performed in 53.1% of patients, aortic root replacement in 13.4%, and 54.6% had concomitant cardiac procedures. Overall survival at last follow-up was 76.1%. In-hospital, 30-day, and 1-year mortality rates were 11.9%, 13.1%, and 28.5%, respectively, and stroke rates were 5.9%, 8.6%, and 18.7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The EXPLANT-TAVR registry reveals that surgical risks associated with TAVR explantation are not negligible and should be taken into consideration in the lifetime management of aortic stenosis. (J Am Coll Cardiol Intv 2021;14:1978-1991) (c) 2021 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
