The observation that the regulation of personal data is aimed at protecting not only the interests of the person to whom such information refers, but also those of subjects other than the ‘data subject’ and of the community, makes it necessary to consider the phenomenon of data circulation in a broader perspective than that of privacy and personality rights in general, and to pay attention to its implications in commercial, market and contractual relations. Personal data, as ‘legal assets’ that can be the subject of ‘subjective legal situations’, including patrimonial ones, and not reducible to the prerogatives of the ‘data subject’, are in fact capable of constituting the reference point of a plurality of ‘legal relationships’ that must be examined in their dynamic and relational dimension and in a functional, systematic, and axiological perspective, through the balancing of the interests involved. Making use of this methodological approach, the work aims at examining in a problematic way the main interpretative issues relevant in civil law and posed by the economic exploitation of personal data, with particular reference to the legal qualification and identification of the discipline applicable to contracts of exchange between personal data and digital contents and services, as well as to intermediation services in the circulation of personal data, through coordination between Contract Law and Data Protection Law. The research also focuses on the data subject’s protections from a perspective aimed at identifying the relevant remedies through the consideration of the interests at stake and the most appropriate techniques for their protection, with particular reference to the invalidity of the consent to processing and its impact on the contract, the possible relevance of the breach of reg. EU no. 679/2016 as a ‘lack of conformity’ of the provision of a digital contract or service, the compensatory and injunctive remedies and their respective limits, the admissibility of an action for unjustified enrichment from undue economic exploitation of personal data, without neglecting the function of collective remedies and the role of Independent Administrative Authorities.
La constatazione per cui la disciplina dei dati personali si pone l’obiettivo di tutelare non soltanto gli interessi relativi alla persona cui tali informazioni si riferiscono, ma anche le istanze riferibili a soggetti diversi dall’interessato e alla collettività, impone di considerare il fenomeno della circolazione dei dati in una prospettiva piú ampia di quella relativa alla privacy e ai diritti della personalità in generale e attenta alle relative implicazioni nell’àmbito dei rapporti di impresa, del mercato e del contratto. I dati personali, quali beni giuridici suscettibili di formare l’oggetto di situazioni soggettive anche patrimoniali e non riducibili alle prerogative dell’interessato, sono idonei ad assurgere a punto di riferimento di una pluralità di rapporti giuridici che debbono essere esaminati nella loro dimensione dinamica e relazionale ed in una prospettiva funzionale, sistematica ed assiologica, mediante il bilanciamento degli interessi in rilievo. Avvalendosi di questo approccio metodologico, il lavoro si propone di esaminare problematicamente le principali questioni interpretative rilevanti sul piano civilistico e poste dallo sfruttamento economico dei dati personali, con particolare riferimento alla qualificazione giuridica e all’individuazione della disciplina applicabile ai contratti di scambio tra dati personali e contenuti e servizi digitali, nonché ai servizi di intermediazione nella circolazione dei dati personali, mediante il coordinamento tra le regole del contratto e quelle del trattamento. La ricerca si sofferma, inoltre, sulle tutele dell’interessato in una prospettiva tesa a individuare i relativi strumenti rimediali attraverso la considerazione degli interessi in rilievo e delle tecniche piú adeguate per la loro protezione, con particolare riferimento all’invalidità del consenso al trattamento e alla sua incidenza sul contratto, alla possibile rilevanza della violazione del reg. UE n. 679/2016 quale difetto di conformità della fornitura di un contratto o servizio digitale, alle tutele risarcitorie e inibitorie e ai rispettivi limiti, all’ammissibilità di un azione di ingiustificato arricchimento da indebito sfruttamento economico dei dati personali, senza peraltro trascurare la funzione dei rimedi collettivi e il ruolo delle Autorità amministrative indipendenti.
Circolazione dei dati personali e rapporti giuridici / Matta, Nicolò. - (2024 Mar 25).
Circolazione dei dati personali e rapporti giuridici
MATTA, NICOLÒ
2024-03-25
Abstract
The observation that the regulation of personal data is aimed at protecting not only the interests of the person to whom such information refers, but also those of subjects other than the ‘data subject’ and of the community, makes it necessary to consider the phenomenon of data circulation in a broader perspective than that of privacy and personality rights in general, and to pay attention to its implications in commercial, market and contractual relations. Personal data, as ‘legal assets’ that can be the subject of ‘subjective legal situations’, including patrimonial ones, and not reducible to the prerogatives of the ‘data subject’, are in fact capable of constituting the reference point of a plurality of ‘legal relationships’ that must be examined in their dynamic and relational dimension and in a functional, systematic, and axiological perspective, through the balancing of the interests involved. Making use of this methodological approach, the work aims at examining in a problematic way the main interpretative issues relevant in civil law and posed by the economic exploitation of personal data, with particular reference to the legal qualification and identification of the discipline applicable to contracts of exchange between personal data and digital contents and services, as well as to intermediation services in the circulation of personal data, through coordination between Contract Law and Data Protection Law. The research also focuses on the data subject’s protections from a perspective aimed at identifying the relevant remedies through the consideration of the interests at stake and the most appropriate techniques for their protection, with particular reference to the invalidity of the consent to processing and its impact on the contract, the possible relevance of the breach of reg. EU no. 679/2016 as a ‘lack of conformity’ of the provision of a digital contract or service, the compensatory and injunctive remedies and their respective limits, the admissibility of an action for unjustified enrichment from undue economic exploitation of personal data, without neglecting the function of collective remedies and the role of Independent Administrative Authorities.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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