Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) and Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) are a large epipelagic species capable of long-distance movements as evidenced by both conventional and electronic tagging programs and are an important fisheries resource. In the Mediterranean Sea, the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT) is the reference RFMO. ICCAT established a multiannual plan for the recovery of Mediterranean swordfish and Atlantic blue fin tuna stock, laying down rules for the conservation, management, and control to achieve biomass corresponding to maximum sustainable yield. The evaluation of health status, population structure and reproductive dynamics underlies conservation biology of swordfish and Atlantic bluefin tuna. In fisheries management, the application of multidisciplinary approaches (e.g., histological analysis, genomic and transcriptomic approaches and genetic variation analysis has proven as an effective solution to determine the genetic structure of population and health status of fish stocks. In this PhD project, multiple approaches were applied to better understand and to shed light on the health and reproductive status Xiphias gladius and Thunnus thynnus Mediterranean stock and support a science-based decision-making process in the context of fishery management. The detailed objectives are provided for each chapter as follows: 1. A window of vulnerability: chronic environmental stress does not impair reproduction in the swordfish Xiphias gladius • Aims: i) evaluate the cross-talk among metabolism, stress response, immune system and reproduction in immature and mature females by transcriptomic analysis; ii) identified a variation of health status related to sexual maturity and fish size by histological analysis 2. Oogenesis impairment in Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) caught in Central Adriatic Sea: differences between mature and immature females • Aims: i) evaluate the health of liver and ovary of immature and mature females caught in central Adriatic Sea during the summer and autumn seasons; ii) evaluate the alterations that could affected the ovaries of immature and mature females; iii) determine the range sizes landed in central Adriatic sea 3. ddRAD genotyping reveals new insight into the genetic structure and diversity, fitness and evolutionary potential of Atlantic and Mediterranean swordfish stocks • Aims: i) gain deeper insights into the genetic structure and genetic diversity at genomic level of the three swordfish stocks, the North Atlantic, the South Atlantic and the Mediterranean; ii) assess the stocks fitness and evolutionary potential to respond to environmental changes; iii) confirm the current spatial stock boundaries and degree of mixture 4. Histological investigation on reproductive biology of the Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) in the Central Adriatic Sea: differences between males and females • Aims: i) evaluate the gonadal status of males and females caught in Central Adriatic Sea from February to November; ii) evaluate the alterations that could affected the ovaries and testis; iii) determine the range sizes landed in central Adriatic sea
Il pesce spada (Xiphias gladius) e il tonno rosso dell'Atlantico (Thunnus thynnus) sono grandi specie epipelagiche, capaci di movimenti a lunga distanza come evidenziato da programmi di tagging, sia convenzionali che elettronici, e sono un'importante risorsa ittica. Nel Mar Mediterraneo, la Commissione internazionale per la conservazione dei tunnidi dell'Atlantico (ICCAT) è l’RFMO di riferimento. L'ICCAT ha stabilito un piano pluriennale per la ricostituzione dello stock mediterraneo di pesce spada e di tonno rosso dell'Atlantico, che stabilisce norme per la conservazione, la gestione e il controllo per ottenere biomassa corrispondente al rendimento massimo sostenibile. La valutazione dello stato di salute, della struttura della popolazione e delle dinamiche riproduttive è alla base della biologia della conservazione del pesce spada e del tonno rosso. Nella gestione della pesca, l'applicazione di approcci multidisciplinari (ad esempio, l'analisi istologica, gli approcci genomici e trascrittomici e l'analisi della variabilità genetica si sono dimostrati una soluzione efficace per determinare la struttura genetica della popolazione e lo stato di salute degli stock ittici. In questo progetto di dottorato, sono stati applicati molteplici approcci per comprendere meglio e far luce sulla salute e sullo stato riproduttivo di Xiphias gladius e Thunnus thynnus in Mediterraneo e sostenere un processo decisionale basato sulla scienza nel contesto della gestione della pesca. Gli obiettivi sono indicati per ciascun capitolo come segue: 1. A window of vulnerability: chronic environmental stress does not impair reproduction in the swordfish Xiphias gladius • Obiettivi: i) valutare il cross-talk tra metabolismo, risposta allo stress, sistema immunitario e riproduzione in femmine immature e mature mediante analisi trascrittomica; ii) identificare una variazione dello stato di salute relativa alla maturità sessuale e alla dimensione del pesce mediante analisi istologica 2. Oogenesis impairment in Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) caught in Central Adriatic Sea: differences between mature and immature females • Obiettivi: i) valutare lo stato di salute del fegato e della gonade delle femmine immature e mature catturate nell'Adriatico centrale durante la stagione estiva e autunnale; ii) valutare le alterazioni che potrebbero colpire la gonade delle femmine immature e mature; iii) determinare il range di dimensioni sbarcate nell'Adriatico centrale 3. ddRAD genotyping reveals new insight into the genetic structure and diversity, fitness and evolutionary potential of Atlantic and Mediterranean swordfish stocks • Obiettivi: i) approfondire la struttura e la diversità genetica a livello genomico dei tre stock di pesce spada, l'Atlantico settentrionale, l'Atlantico meridionale e il Mediterraneo; ii) valutare l'idoneità degli stock e il potenziale evolutivo per rispondere ai cambiamenti ambientali; iii) confermare gli attuali confini territoriali degli stock e il grado di mixing 4. Histological investigation on reproductive biology of the Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) in the Central Adriatic Sea: differences between males and females • Obiettivi: i) valutare lo stato gonadico dei maschi e delle femmine catturati nel Mar Adriatico Centrale da febbraio a novembre; ii) valutare le alterazioni che potrebbero interessare le gonadi di maschi e femmine; iii) determinare il range di dimensioni sbarcate nell'Adriatico centrale.
Reproduction and health status in swordfish (Xiphias gladius) and Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus thynnus) Mediterranean stock for management of sustainable fishing / Filippi, Sara. - (2023 Mar 16).
Reproduction and health status in swordfish (Xiphias gladius) and Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus thynnus) Mediterranean stock for management of sustainable fishing
FILIPPI, SARA
2023-03-16
Abstract
Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) and Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) are a large epipelagic species capable of long-distance movements as evidenced by both conventional and electronic tagging programs and are an important fisheries resource. In the Mediterranean Sea, the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT) is the reference RFMO. ICCAT established a multiannual plan for the recovery of Mediterranean swordfish and Atlantic blue fin tuna stock, laying down rules for the conservation, management, and control to achieve biomass corresponding to maximum sustainable yield. The evaluation of health status, population structure and reproductive dynamics underlies conservation biology of swordfish and Atlantic bluefin tuna. In fisheries management, the application of multidisciplinary approaches (e.g., histological analysis, genomic and transcriptomic approaches and genetic variation analysis has proven as an effective solution to determine the genetic structure of population and health status of fish stocks. In this PhD project, multiple approaches were applied to better understand and to shed light on the health and reproductive status Xiphias gladius and Thunnus thynnus Mediterranean stock and support a science-based decision-making process in the context of fishery management. The detailed objectives are provided for each chapter as follows: 1. A window of vulnerability: chronic environmental stress does not impair reproduction in the swordfish Xiphias gladius • Aims: i) evaluate the cross-talk among metabolism, stress response, immune system and reproduction in immature and mature females by transcriptomic analysis; ii) identified a variation of health status related to sexual maturity and fish size by histological analysis 2. Oogenesis impairment in Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) caught in Central Adriatic Sea: differences between mature and immature females • Aims: i) evaluate the health of liver and ovary of immature and mature females caught in central Adriatic Sea during the summer and autumn seasons; ii) evaluate the alterations that could affected the ovaries of immature and mature females; iii) determine the range sizes landed in central Adriatic sea 3. ddRAD genotyping reveals new insight into the genetic structure and diversity, fitness and evolutionary potential of Atlantic and Mediterranean swordfish stocks • Aims: i) gain deeper insights into the genetic structure and genetic diversity at genomic level of the three swordfish stocks, the North Atlantic, the South Atlantic and the Mediterranean; ii) assess the stocks fitness and evolutionary potential to respond to environmental changes; iii) confirm the current spatial stock boundaries and degree of mixture 4. Histological investigation on reproductive biology of the Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) in the Central Adriatic Sea: differences between males and females • Aims: i) evaluate the gonadal status of males and females caught in Central Adriatic Sea from February to November; ii) evaluate the alterations that could affected the ovaries and testis; iii) determine the range sizes landed in central Adriatic seaFile | Dimensione | Formato | |
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