Our agricultural system and hence food security is threatened by a combination of events, such as increasing population, the impacts of climate change, and the need for more sustainable development. Because of their nutritional quality, biological nitrogen fixation capacity, and broad adaptation to several agro-ecological conditions, food legumes are crucial for the key agriculture-related societal challenges. Currently, legumes represent the second most agriculturally important crop family on a global scale after cereals. Among legumes, common bean (P. vulgaris) is the most important grain legume for direct human consumption in the world. Moreover, the well-documented history of multiple domestications in P. vulgaris and its further adaptation to different environments make it a model system to study crop evolution. The meteoric increase in sequencing with high throughput next-generation sequencing technologies (NGS) has dramatically changed our understanding of genomes. Indeed, their application has provided novel approaches that have significantly advanced our understanding of new and long-standing questions in common bean evolutionary history. The emerging pangenome concept is also offering a great opportunity to discover new genes and genetic mechanisms that contribute to phenotypic adaptation associated with important agronomic traits. With the aim to better understand the genetic bases and phenotypic consequences of the parallel common bean domestications and its adaptation to novel and different agro ecosystems, we developed and analysed the first common bean pangenome. In the present study, following a not-iterative approach, we constructed the common bean pangenome by using five high-quality genomes and 339 low coverage WGS accessions. Interestingly, preliminary PAVs (i.e., presence / absence variations) analysis confirmed the population structure of the common bean species and identified the presence of genes associated with the domestication syndrome and adaptation traits, such as dormancy, flowering and defense responses to biotic and abiotic stress.
Il nostro sistema agricolo e quindi la sicurezza alimentare sono minacciati da una combinazione di eventi, come l'aumento della popolazione, l'impatto del cambiamento climatico e la necessità di uno sviluppo più sostenibile. Grazie alla loro qualità nutrizionale, alla capacità di fissazione biologica dell'azoto e all'ampio adattamento a diverse condizioni agro-ecologiche, i legumi alimentari sono cruciali per le principali sfide sociali legate all'agricoltura. Attualmente, i legumi rappresentano la seconda famiglia di colture più importante dal punto di vista agricolo su scala mondiale dopo i cereali . Tra tutti i legumi, il fagiolo comune (P. vulgaris), è il legume da granella più importante al mondo per il consumo umano diretto. Inoltre, la storia ben documentata di domesticazioni multiple in P. vulgaris e il suo ulteriore adattamento a diversi ambienti ne fanno un sistema modello per studiare l'evoluzione delle colture. L'aumento vertiginoso delle tecnologie di sequenziamento di nuova generazione (NGS) ad alto rendimento ha cambiato radicalmente la nostra comprensione dei genomi. Infatti, la loro applicazione ha fornito nuovi approcci che hanno notevolmente migliorato la nostra comprensione in relazione alla storia evolutiva del fagiolo comune. Il concetto emergente di pan-genoma sta offrendo anche una grande opportunità per scoprire nuovi geni e meccanismi genetici che contribuiscono all'adattamento fenotipico associato ad importanti tratti agronomici. Con l'obiettivo di comprendere meglio le basi genetiche e le conseguenze fenotipiche degli addomesticamenti paralleli e dell’ adattamento a diversi agroecosistemi, abbiamo sviluppato e analizzato il primo pan-genoma di fagiolo comune. Nel presente studio, seguendo un approccio non iterativo, abbiamo costruito il pan-genoma di fagiolo comune utilizzando cinque genomi di alta qualità e 339 accessioni WGS a bassa copertura. L'analisi preliminare delle PAVs (i.e., presence/ absence variations) ha confermato la struttura di popolazione di P. vulgaris e identificato la presenza di geni associati alla sindrome dell'addomesticamento e ai tratti di adattamento, come la dormienza, la fioritura e le risposte di difesa allo stress biotico e abiotico.
Common bean as a model to understand crop evolution / Cortinovis, Gaia. - (2022 Jul 04).
Common bean as a model to understand crop evolution
CORTINOVIS, GAIA
2022-07-04
Abstract
Our agricultural system and hence food security is threatened by a combination of events, such as increasing population, the impacts of climate change, and the need for more sustainable development. Because of their nutritional quality, biological nitrogen fixation capacity, and broad adaptation to several agro-ecological conditions, food legumes are crucial for the key agriculture-related societal challenges. Currently, legumes represent the second most agriculturally important crop family on a global scale after cereals. Among legumes, common bean (P. vulgaris) is the most important grain legume for direct human consumption in the world. Moreover, the well-documented history of multiple domestications in P. vulgaris and its further adaptation to different environments make it a model system to study crop evolution. The meteoric increase in sequencing with high throughput next-generation sequencing technologies (NGS) has dramatically changed our understanding of genomes. Indeed, their application has provided novel approaches that have significantly advanced our understanding of new and long-standing questions in common bean evolutionary history. The emerging pangenome concept is also offering a great opportunity to discover new genes and genetic mechanisms that contribute to phenotypic adaptation associated with important agronomic traits. With the aim to better understand the genetic bases and phenotypic consequences of the parallel common bean domestications and its adaptation to novel and different agro ecosystems, we developed and analysed the first common bean pangenome. In the present study, following a not-iterative approach, we constructed the common bean pangenome by using five high-quality genomes and 339 low coverage WGS accessions. Interestingly, preliminary PAVs (i.e., presence / absence variations) analysis confirmed the population structure of the common bean species and identified the presence of genes associated with the domestication syndrome and adaptation traits, such as dormancy, flowering and defense responses to biotic and abiotic stress.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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