Arthroscopic repair of massive rotator cuff tear. The role of the LHB distal tenotomy

Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate the results of an all arthroscopic technique for the treatment of massive rotator cuff tears using the long head of biceps as a graft to reconstruct the superior capsule and to reinforce the cuff. Methods: A retrospective review of a consecutive series of arthroscopic repair of massive rotator cuff tears using the long head of biceps tendon was conducted. Twenty-five patients underwent surgery, and none were lost at follow-up. Minimum follow-up period was more than 12 months. Constant, UCLA and VAS scores as clinical outcome were analyzed. Time for surgical procedures was also registered. Two alternative procedures (transosseous or anchors) were employed to fix laterally the long head of biceps to the greater tuberosity and to reinforce the cuff. This choice was essentially determined by the bone quality of the greater tuberosity. Results: All patients of both groups (Transosseous: 15 and Anchors: 10) showed a significant improvement of clinical and functional scores. Difference of the operative times between two procedures was statistically significant in favor of the anchor approach. No intraoperative complications were recorded. Postoperative shoulder stiffness was found in two male patients. In no case biceps tenodesis was performed: Popeye sign was easily detected in 16 patients but they did not complain any superior arm pain and weakness. Conclusion: This technique represents a valid solution for treatment of massive rotator cuff tears resulting safe, easier and cost saving in comparison with other published techniques.