During their lifetime, photovoltaic plants are subject to a normal degradation of their components, and they are consequently characterized by decrease of the expected production. Techniques such as production data analysis and instrumental tests are performed in order to monitor performance over time and to identify power decrease. Examining the state of the art, a lack of procedures related to the abovementioned techniques, both in the execution mode and in the results representation, has emerged. The main aim of this work is to define an organic process to investigate the performance of photovoltaic plants and to elaborate intervention proposals in order to increase their production. Based on the analyses that have been performed on the data from real photovoltaic plants and instrumental tests, this work defines the procedures to analyze the data extracted from the monitoring systems and proposes the procedures to identify and perform the tests to be carried out and the subsequent interpretation and representation of the results. In addition, the present work has pursued two other objectives parallel to the main one described above. Using the I-V curves determined by means of an indoor solar flash test device, it has been possible to evaluate production loss associated to specific thermal defects that can be detected through infrared thermography on the photovoltaic modules. A specific focus was also dedicated to the accuracy of I-V curves through the comparison between the measurements that are performed in the field and those obtained in the laboratory by means of an indoor solar flash test device. This study has led to a relevant conclusion: the I-V curves, that are carried out in the field, are characterized by an inadequate reliability and they cannot be considered a valid technique to evaluate the underperformance of a photovoltaic plant.
Nel corso della loro vita utile, gli impianti fotovoltaici sono soggetti ad un degrado continuo dei componenti con conseguente decremento della produzione attesa, nonché a guasti, avarie o malfunzionamenti. Per monitorare le prestazioni nel tempo e per individuare eventuali diminuzioni di performance, vengono utilizzate tecniche quali l’analisi dei dati di produzione e l’esecuzione di prove strumentali in campo. Data la carenza di procedure circa le tecniche sopra menzionate, sia nella modalità di esecuzione sia nella rappresentazione dei risultati, emersa dallo studio dello stato dell’arte, il principale obiettivo di questo lavoro è quello di definire un processo organico per indagare le performance d’impianto e per elaborare proposte di intervento atte ad incrementarne le prestazioni. A partire dalle analisi condotte sui dati provenienti da impianti fotovoltaici reali e dalle prove strumentali in campo, lo studio propone procedure per l’analisi dei di monitoraggio e per l’individuazione e l’esecuzione delle prove da svolgere e la successiva interpretazione e rappresentazione dei risultati. Inoltre, definisce proposte di intervento da mettere in atto per risolvere eventuali criticità emerse nelle fasi di indagine. In aggiunta, il presente lavoro ha perseguito due obiettivi parallelamente a quello principale sopra esposto. Il primo obiettivo ha riguardato l’esecuzione di “curve I-V” (corrente-tensione) su alcuni moduli fotovoltaici mediante l’impiego di un dispositivo per i flash test e l’individuazione della correlazione quantitativa tra alcuni tipici difetti riscontrabili con la termografia ad infrarossi su un modulo e il decremento di potenza associato. Il secondo obiettivo ha visto un focus all’accuratezza delle curve I-V attraverso il confronto tra i risultati delle misure in campo e quelli ottenuti in laboratorio attraverso l’impiego del flash-tester; la conclusione è la scarsa affidabilità delle curve I-V svolte in campo come strumento per valutare l’underperformance dell’impianto.
Strumenti e metodi innovativi per la gestione degli interventi di manutenzione effettuati su impianti fotovoltaici al fine del mantenimento della loro efficienza e funzionalità / Luciani, Silvia. - (2021 Oct 14).
Strumenti e metodi innovativi per la gestione degli interventi di manutenzione effettuati su impianti fotovoltaici al fine del mantenimento della loro efficienza e funzionalità.
LUCIANI, SILVIA
2021-10-14
Abstract
During their lifetime, photovoltaic plants are subject to a normal degradation of their components, and they are consequently characterized by decrease of the expected production. Techniques such as production data analysis and instrumental tests are performed in order to monitor performance over time and to identify power decrease. Examining the state of the art, a lack of procedures related to the abovementioned techniques, both in the execution mode and in the results representation, has emerged. The main aim of this work is to define an organic process to investigate the performance of photovoltaic plants and to elaborate intervention proposals in order to increase their production. Based on the analyses that have been performed on the data from real photovoltaic plants and instrumental tests, this work defines the procedures to analyze the data extracted from the monitoring systems and proposes the procedures to identify and perform the tests to be carried out and the subsequent interpretation and representation of the results. In addition, the present work has pursued two other objectives parallel to the main one described above. Using the I-V curves determined by means of an indoor solar flash test device, it has been possible to evaluate production loss associated to specific thermal defects that can be detected through infrared thermography on the photovoltaic modules. A specific focus was also dedicated to the accuracy of I-V curves through the comparison between the measurements that are performed in the field and those obtained in the laboratory by means of an indoor solar flash test device. This study has led to a relevant conclusion: the I-V curves, that are carried out in the field, are characterized by an inadequate reliability and they cannot be considered a valid technique to evaluate the underperformance of a photovoltaic plant.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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