The bone marrow (BM) niche is a highly specialised microenvironment that provides structural and trophic support through its stromal components for Haematopoietic Stem Cells (HSC). Adipocytes (BM-A) are the most abundant stromal components in the niche, however, their role in haematopoiesis regulation remain unclear. It has been demonstrated that during caloric restriction (CR) there is an expansion of bone marrow adipose tissue and this contributes to increased circulating levels of adiponectin (APN), a hormone potentially involved in haematopoiesis regulation. The aims of our work were to molecularly and functionally characterise BM-A, and to determine if APN contributes to the regulation of the HSC during CR. To address these aims, human BM-A were isolated from hip surgery patients and studied through microarray analysis; while their relationship with HSC was assessed in vitro using long-term co-culture assay with HSC. The role of APN was studied using a mouse model of APN-/- and evaluating the characteristics of HSC and of circulating haematopoietic cells by flow cytometry and by Colony Forming Unit (CFU) assays in mice under CR. Molecular data suggested that BM-A displayed a specific gene expression profile and that they are capable of supporting HSC survival in vitro. Adiponectin KO mouse models showed that KO animals had a reduced number of white blood cells which turned into an increased proportion of Granulocytes in the whole CD45 population and to a significantly reduced number of B cells especially after the first week of CR. These results suggested that BM-A may contribute to the survival of HSC and that APN contributes to the regulation of immune cells during CR.
Il midollo osseo (BM) è un microambiente altamente specializzato che fornisce supporto trofico e strutturale attraverso le sue componenti stromali alle cellule staminali emopoietiche (HSC). Gli adipociti midollari (BM-A) costituiscono la componente stromale più abbondante nella nicchia, tuttavia il loro ruolo nella regolazione dell’emopoiesi non è stato ancora ben definito. È stato tuttavia dimostrato che durante la CR avviene un’espansione del tessuto adiposo midollare, responsabile a sua volta di aumentati livelli di Adiponectina (APN) sierica circolante, un ormone potenzialmente coinvolto nella regolazione dell’emopoiesi. Gli scopi di questo lavoro sono stati quelli di caratterizzare i BM-A dal punto di vista funzionale e molecolare e di determinare se l’APN possa svolgere un ruolo nella regolazione delle HSC durante la CR. A questo scopo è stata effettuata un’analisi microarray su BM-A isolati da pazienti che si sottoponevano a chirurgia dell’anca, mentre la caratterizzazione funzionale è stata effettuata tramite co-cultura con HSC. Il ruolo dell’APN è stato studiato utilizzando un modello murino APN-/- e valutando i cambiamenti nelle HSC e nelle cellule ematopoietiche circolanti in topi sottoposti a CR. I dati molecolari hanno mostrato che i BM-A hanno uno specifico pattern di espressione genica diverso dagli adipociti sottocutanei e lo studio funzionale ha dimostrato che essi sono capaci di sostenere la sopravvivenza e la differenziazione delle HSC in coltura. Lo studio dei topi APN-/- ha inoltre mostrato che in condizioni di CR l’APN svolge un ruolo nella regolazione della granulopoiesi e della linfopoiesi, i topi KO infatti presentavano un maggior numero di granulociti ma un ridotto numero di linfociti circolanti. Questi risultati suggeriscono che i BM-A possano contribuire alla sopravvivenza delle cellule staminali emopoietiche e che l’APN partecipi alla regolazione dell’emopoiesi normale in condizioni di CR.
The regulation of haematopoietic niche: is there a role for Bone Marrow Adipocytes? / Mattiucci, Domenico. - (2019 Mar 15).
The regulation of haematopoietic niche: is there a role for Bone Marrow Adipocytes?
MATTIUCCI, DOMENICO
2019-03-15
Abstract
The bone marrow (BM) niche is a highly specialised microenvironment that provides structural and trophic support through its stromal components for Haematopoietic Stem Cells (HSC). Adipocytes (BM-A) are the most abundant stromal components in the niche, however, their role in haematopoiesis regulation remain unclear. It has been demonstrated that during caloric restriction (CR) there is an expansion of bone marrow adipose tissue and this contributes to increased circulating levels of adiponectin (APN), a hormone potentially involved in haematopoiesis regulation. The aims of our work were to molecularly and functionally characterise BM-A, and to determine if APN contributes to the regulation of the HSC during CR. To address these aims, human BM-A were isolated from hip surgery patients and studied through microarray analysis; while their relationship with HSC was assessed in vitro using long-term co-culture assay with HSC. The role of APN was studied using a mouse model of APN-/- and evaluating the characteristics of HSC and of circulating haematopoietic cells by flow cytometry and by Colony Forming Unit (CFU) assays in mice under CR. Molecular data suggested that BM-A displayed a specific gene expression profile and that they are capable of supporting HSC survival in vitro. Adiponectin KO mouse models showed that KO animals had a reduced number of white blood cells which turned into an increased proportion of Granulocytes in the whole CD45 population and to a significantly reduced number of B cells especially after the first week of CR. These results suggested that BM-A may contribute to the survival of HSC and that APN contributes to the regulation of immune cells during CR.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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