Uterine leiomyomas (fibroids or myomas) are the most common benign tumors of the female reproductive tract. Fibroids cause pelvic pain, abnormal vaginal bleeding, pressure on the bladder, miscarriage, and infertility. They are the leading indication for hysterectomy. Unfortunately, no long- term medical treatments are available. In modern pharmaceutical industries, dietary phytochemicals are used as a source of new potential drugs for many kinds of tumors. Dietary phytochemicals may exert therapeutic effects by interfering with key cellular events of the tumorigenesis. Since uterine leiomyoma is characterized by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) including collagens and fibronectin, in the present study, we aimed to investigate if dietary phytochemicals can regulate the ECM in human myometrium and leiomyoma cells. In the present study, initially, we aimed to test the antifibrotic effect of 2 different strawberry cultivars (Alba and Romina) and the anthocyanin enriched fraction(ACY) of Romina in uterine leiomyoma and myometrial cells. Leiomyoma and myometrial cells were treated with 2 different concentrations (100 μg/ml and 250 μg/ml) and with 250 μg/ml anthocyanin enriched fraction (ACY), for 48 h to measure gene expression and/or protein associated with fibrosis. We show, significantly decreased of collagen1A1, fibronectin, versican, and activin-A mRNA expression, in leiomyoma cells as well as in myometrial cells. The reduced protein expression of fibronectin was also observed after treatments with those cultivars in leiomyoma cells compared with untreated control. Afterward, I has been involved in testing other phytochemical compounds on leiomyoma cells such as Quercetin and Indole-3-Carbinol. Quercetin (3,3′,4′,5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) is a plant bioflavonoid, found in most edible fruits and vegetables. Indole-3-Carbinol (I3C; 1H-indole-3-ylmethanol) is produced from naturally occurring glucosinolates contained in a wide variety of plants, including members of the family Cruciferae and particularly members of the genus Brassica. Leiomyoma and myometrial cells were treated with Quercetin and I3C (10 μg/ml; 50 μg/ml; 100 μg/ml; 250 μg/ml) for 48 h to measure mRNA and protein expressions of ECM, as well as to evaluate the migration (by wound healing assay) and the proliferation rate. Quercetin and I3C significantly decreased collagen1A1 and fibronectin mRNAs expression and protein expression of fibronectin in leiomyoma cells. We also, obtained a significant reduction of the migration and proliferation in leiomyoma and myometrium cells, after treatment with quercetin and I3C. In conclusion, this study shows the in vitro effects of some phytochemical compounds and lays the scientific bases for the development of new therapeutic and/or preventive agents for the uterine leiomyomas.
Il fibroma uterino o leiomioma è il tumore benigno più comune che colpisce l’utero nelle donne in età fertile. I fibromi causano, dolore o pressione pelvica, menorragia ossia una perdita ematica mestruale abbondante nonché dolorosa, ed è una delle principali cause d’infertilità e aborti ricorrenti. I fibromi uterini, sono l’indicazione principale d’isterectomia. Nonostante, l'alta prevalenza di questa patologia nelle donne, la patogenesi dei leiomiomi uterini non è stata ancora del tutto chiarita. Recenti studi, hanno dimostrato che una dieta basata su composti fitochimici ha proprietà preventive su diverse malattie. Il fibroma uterino è caratterizzato da un’alta componente extracellulare (ECM), in particolare collagene, fibronectina e proteoglicani, e da fattori di crescita, da citochine e chemochine, da fattori angiogenici e da mediatori di risposta infiammatoria. Nel presente studio, abbiamo cercato di indagare sull’effetto dei composti fitochimici su cellule di fibroma e di miometrio in vitro, in particolare se fossero in grado di regolare l’espressione genica e proteica dei componenti della matrice extracellulare. Per il nostro studio abbiamo utilizzato 2 diverse cultivar di fragole (Alba e Romina) e la frazione di Romina arricchita di antociani o ACY, per valutare l’effetto antifibrotico sia sulle cellule di fibroma che su quelle di miometrio. Le cellule di fibroma e di miometrio sono state trattate con estratti delle diverse cultivar, utilizzando per entrambi 2 diverse concentrazioni (100 μg/ml e 250 μg/ml) e 250 μg/ml per ACY, per 48 ore, con lo scopo di valutare la variazione dell'espressione genica e proteica dei componenti associati alla fibrosi. Abbiamo ottenuto, che sia nelle cellule di leiomioma che in quelle di miometrio, l’espressione genica di collagene1A1, fibronectina, versican e activin-A è diminuita significativamente; inoltre, si ha una riduzione significativa dell’espressione proteica della fibronectina rispetto al controllo. Successivamente, abbiamo voluto testare, altri costituenti fitochimici tra cui la Quercetina e l’Indolo- 3-Carbinolo. La quercetina (3,3 ', 4', 5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) è un bioflavonoide vegetale, comune nella maggior parte dei frutti e vegetali, mentre l'indolo-3-carbinolo (I3C; 1H-indolo-3-ilmetanolo) è un derivato dei glucosinolati presente in numerose piante, compresi i membri della famiglia Cruciferae e in particolare i membri del genere Brassica. Le cellule di leiomioma e di miometrio sono state trattate, in vitro, con la quercetina e l’indolo-3- carbinolo a diverse concentrazioni (10 μg/ml, 50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, 250 μg/ml) per 48 ore, per misurare l’espressione genica e proteica delle componenti della matrice extracellulare. Si è visto, che sia la quercetina che l’indolo-3-carbinolo riducono significativamente l'espressione genica di collagene1A1 e della fibronectina nelle cellule di leiomioma, l'espressione proteica della fibronectina nelle cellule di leiomioma. Inoltre, grazie ai saggi di wound healing e di proliferazione, si è vista un’inibizione della migrazione e della proliferazione cellulare, delle cellule di leiomioma, in coltura successivamente al trattamento con la quercetina e l’indolo-3-carbinolo. In conclusione, questo studio mostra gli effetti in vitro di alcuni costituenti fitochimici e getta le basi scientifiche per lo sviluppo di nuovi agenti terapeutici e/o preventivi per i leiomiomi uterini.
The effect of Phytochemical Compounds on Uterine Myometrial and Leiomyoma Cells / Greco, Stefania. - (2019 Mar 15).
The effect of Phytochemical Compounds on Uterine Myometrial and Leiomyoma Cells
GRECO, STEFANIA
2019-03-15
Abstract
Uterine leiomyomas (fibroids or myomas) are the most common benign tumors of the female reproductive tract. Fibroids cause pelvic pain, abnormal vaginal bleeding, pressure on the bladder, miscarriage, and infertility. They are the leading indication for hysterectomy. Unfortunately, no long- term medical treatments are available. In modern pharmaceutical industries, dietary phytochemicals are used as a source of new potential drugs for many kinds of tumors. Dietary phytochemicals may exert therapeutic effects by interfering with key cellular events of the tumorigenesis. Since uterine leiomyoma is characterized by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) including collagens and fibronectin, in the present study, we aimed to investigate if dietary phytochemicals can regulate the ECM in human myometrium and leiomyoma cells. In the present study, initially, we aimed to test the antifibrotic effect of 2 different strawberry cultivars (Alba and Romina) and the anthocyanin enriched fraction(ACY) of Romina in uterine leiomyoma and myometrial cells. Leiomyoma and myometrial cells were treated with 2 different concentrations (100 μg/ml and 250 μg/ml) and with 250 μg/ml anthocyanin enriched fraction (ACY), for 48 h to measure gene expression and/or protein associated with fibrosis. We show, significantly decreased of collagen1A1, fibronectin, versican, and activin-A mRNA expression, in leiomyoma cells as well as in myometrial cells. The reduced protein expression of fibronectin was also observed after treatments with those cultivars in leiomyoma cells compared with untreated control. Afterward, I has been involved in testing other phytochemical compounds on leiomyoma cells such as Quercetin and Indole-3-Carbinol. Quercetin (3,3′,4′,5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) is a plant bioflavonoid, found in most edible fruits and vegetables. Indole-3-Carbinol (I3C; 1H-indole-3-ylmethanol) is produced from naturally occurring glucosinolates contained in a wide variety of plants, including members of the family Cruciferae and particularly members of the genus Brassica. Leiomyoma and myometrial cells were treated with Quercetin and I3C (10 μg/ml; 50 μg/ml; 100 μg/ml; 250 μg/ml) for 48 h to measure mRNA and protein expressions of ECM, as well as to evaluate the migration (by wound healing assay) and the proliferation rate. Quercetin and I3C significantly decreased collagen1A1 and fibronectin mRNAs expression and protein expression of fibronectin in leiomyoma cells. We also, obtained a significant reduction of the migration and proliferation in leiomyoma and myometrium cells, after treatment with quercetin and I3C. In conclusion, this study shows the in vitro effects of some phytochemical compounds and lays the scientific bases for the development of new therapeutic and/or preventive agents for the uterine leiomyomas.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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