My PhD project is focused on the study of the characterization of the conformational properties of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins (IDPs) investigated by Small Angle X-rays or Neutrons Scattering. IDPs are a class of proteins that, despite the absence of a defined tertiary structure, are able to perform a biological function and play an important role in a large number of pathologies. In this thesis I have studied one of the most important proteins involved in neurodegenerative disease worldwide, α - synuclein (α-syn), which is related to Parkinson’s diseases. This protein is prone to originate amyloids fibrils as a result of β aggregation processes, which start from the monomeric state and end with the production of amyloid fibrils in Lewy’s bodies, the main hallmarks of this dementia. The goal of my PhD project is to describe the early stages of the aggregation kinetics of α-syn in order to understand the mechanisms at the origin of the pathological process. The novel method discussed in this thesis is based on the combination of computational techniques and experimental measurements that I performed at ESRF, the European Synchrotron (Grenoble), on diluted water solutions of IDPs. Disordered structures, originating from molecular dynamics simulation or related techniques, are taken into account by estimating the relative population weights from sets of experimental SAXS data in the framework to the Bayesian formalism. As a result, the developed method allows to quantify the conformational disorder of IDPs in different chemical-physical conditions.
Il mio progetto di dottorato è stato focalizzato sullo studio della caratterizzazione delle proprietà conformazionali di proteine intrinsecamente disordinate (IDPs) studiate mediante la tecnica di dispersione a piccolo angolo di raggi X o di neutroni. Le IDPs sono una classe di proteine che, nonostante l'assenza di una struttura terziaria definita, sono in grado di svolgere una funzione biologica e svolgono un ruolo importante in un gran numero di patologie. In questa tesi è stata studiata una delle più importanti proteine coinvolte nelle malattie neurodegenerative a livello mondiale, l'α&sinucleina (α&syn), la quale è correlata al morbo di Parkinson. Questa proteina è incline a originare le fibrille di amiloide come risultato dei processi di aggregazione β, i quali iniziano dallo stato monomerico e terminano con la produzione di fibrille amiloidi nei corpi di Lewy, principali tratti distintivi di questa demenza. L'obiettivo del mio progetto di dottorato è quello di descrivere le prime fasi della cinetica di aggregazione di α&syn al fine di comprendere i meccanismi all'origine del processo patologico. Il nuovo metodo discusso in questa tesi si basa sulla combinazione di tecniche computazionali e misure sperimentali eseguite presso il sincrotrone europeo di Grenoble (ESRF), su soluzioni diluite di IDP. Le strutture disordinate, originate da simulazioni di dinamica molecolare o da tecniche correlate, sono prese in considerazione, stimando i pesi relativi della popolazione da serie di dati sperimentali SAXS utilizzando un formalismo bayesiano. Di conseguenza, il metodo sviluppato consente di quantificare il disordine conformazionale delle IDPs in diverse condizioni chimico& fisiche.
Innovative Methods to Investigate Intrinsically Disordered Proteins by Small-Angle Scattering Techniques / Moretti, Paolo. - (2018 Mar 05).
Innovative Methods to Investigate Intrinsically Disordered Proteins by Small-Angle Scattering Techniques
MORETTI, PAOLO
2018-03-05
Abstract
My PhD project is focused on the study of the characterization of the conformational properties of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins (IDPs) investigated by Small Angle X-rays or Neutrons Scattering. IDPs are a class of proteins that, despite the absence of a defined tertiary structure, are able to perform a biological function and play an important role in a large number of pathologies. In this thesis I have studied one of the most important proteins involved in neurodegenerative disease worldwide, α - synuclein (α-syn), which is related to Parkinson’s diseases. This protein is prone to originate amyloids fibrils as a result of β aggregation processes, which start from the monomeric state and end with the production of amyloid fibrils in Lewy’s bodies, the main hallmarks of this dementia. The goal of my PhD project is to describe the early stages of the aggregation kinetics of α-syn in order to understand the mechanisms at the origin of the pathological process. The novel method discussed in this thesis is based on the combination of computational techniques and experimental measurements that I performed at ESRF, the European Synchrotron (Grenoble), on diluted water solutions of IDPs. Disordered structures, originating from molecular dynamics simulation or related techniques, are taken into account by estimating the relative population weights from sets of experimental SAXS data in the framework to the Bayesian formalism. As a result, the developed method allows to quantify the conformational disorder of IDPs in different chemical-physical conditions.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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