Marine biofouling is defined as the community of organisms encrusting the submerged hard substrates and whose composition is influenced by several environmental factors. Only a few information is available about spatial and temporal changes of biofouling within Italian marinas and about biofouling communities associated with Italian aquaculture farm activities. Moreover, there is also a lack of knowledge about the boat owners’ perception of biofouling problem. In order to fill this gap, the PhD thesis aims to study the spatial and temporal changes of fouling community in a recreational harbor in the north Adriatic Sea and in a finfish farm in the south Adriatic Sea. Moreover, a social investigation through an online survey is presented, with the purpose to investigate the boaters’ perception of biofouling as a challenge, quantifying the expenses related to biofouling management, assessing their awareness of negative impacts of antifouling paints on the marine environment and their knowledge of silicone coatings. Results shows that the community composition of biofouling in the recreational harbor is influenced by temporal and spatial variability, in terms of number of species, species composition, cover percentage and biomass. Similarly, the composition and biomass of biofouling community present in the finfish farm is strongly influenced by time of immersion, season and water column depth. Finally, the results of the survey suggest that biofouling is considered a problem for vessels and navigation, and although antifouling paints with biocides are considered a problem for the environment by most the participants, the survey indicates a lack of information on more environmental friendly alternatives such as silicone coatings. Overall, these results provide new insights on biofouling community dynamics and new data useful for the sustainable management of biofouling in Italian recreational navigation and aquaculture farm.
Il biofouling marino è definito come la comunità di organismi che incrostano i substrati duri artificiali immersi in mare e la sua composizione è influenzata da diversi fattori ambientali. Poche informazioni sono disponibili circa le variazioni spazio-temporali del biofouling nelle marine e negli impianti di acquacoltura italiani, e sulla percezione del problema da parte dei diportisti. Lo scopo della tesi di dottorato è quello di studiare la variabilità spazio-temporale della comunità del biofouling in un porto turistico nell’Adriatico settentrionale e in un allevamento ittico dell’Adriatico meridionale. Sono inoltre presentati i risultati di un questionario on-line distribuito ai diportisti per ottenere informazioni circa la percezione del problema biofouling, quantificare le spese per la sua gestione, valutare il livello di consapevolezza circa l’impatto delle pitture antivegetative sull’ambiente marino e di conoscenza delle pitture siliconiche. I risultati mostrano che la comunità del biofouling del porto turistico è influenzata dalle variazioni spaziali e temporali di immersione dei substrati, in termini di numero di specie, composizione in specie, percentuale di ricoprimento e biomassa. In modo simile, la composizione e la biomassa della comunità presente nell’allevamento di pesci studiato sono fortemente influenzate dal periodo di immersione, stagionalità e profondità alla quale sono immersi i substrati. Inoltre, dal survey emerge che il biofouling è considerato un problema per le imbarcazioni e la navigazione da diporto, e sebbene le pitture antivegetative siano considerate un problema per l’ambiente dalla maggior parte dei diportisti, i dati indicano una mancanza di informazione circa nuove alternative più ecocompatibili, come le pitture siliconiche. La tesi di dottorato fornisce quindi nuovi dati sulle dinamiche della comunità del biofouling e nuove informazioni utili alla gestione sostenibile del biofouling nelle marine e negli impianti di acquacoltura italiani.
The problem of biofouling for human activities: insights from Italian marinas and an Adriatic Finfish farm / Bellucci, Alessandra. - (2018 Feb 23).
The problem of biofouling for human activities: insights from Italian marinas and an Adriatic Finfish farm
BELLUCCI, ALESSANDRA
2018-02-23
Abstract
Marine biofouling is defined as the community of organisms encrusting the submerged hard substrates and whose composition is influenced by several environmental factors. Only a few information is available about spatial and temporal changes of biofouling within Italian marinas and about biofouling communities associated with Italian aquaculture farm activities. Moreover, there is also a lack of knowledge about the boat owners’ perception of biofouling problem. In order to fill this gap, the PhD thesis aims to study the spatial and temporal changes of fouling community in a recreational harbor in the north Adriatic Sea and in a finfish farm in the south Adriatic Sea. Moreover, a social investigation through an online survey is presented, with the purpose to investigate the boaters’ perception of biofouling as a challenge, quantifying the expenses related to biofouling management, assessing their awareness of negative impacts of antifouling paints on the marine environment and their knowledge of silicone coatings. Results shows that the community composition of biofouling in the recreational harbor is influenced by temporal and spatial variability, in terms of number of species, species composition, cover percentage and biomass. Similarly, the composition and biomass of biofouling community present in the finfish farm is strongly influenced by time of immersion, season and water column depth. Finally, the results of the survey suggest that biofouling is considered a problem for vessels and navigation, and although antifouling paints with biocides are considered a problem for the environment by most the participants, the survey indicates a lack of information on more environmental friendly alternatives such as silicone coatings. Overall, these results provide new insights on biofouling community dynamics and new data useful for the sustainable management of biofouling in Italian recreational navigation and aquaculture farm.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Tesi_Bellucci.pdf
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