Human trophoblastic cell surface antigen 2 (Trop-2) is a 35-49 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein, first identified as a cell surface marker for human trophoblast cells. Trop-2 has important functions, as the regulation in cell-cell adhesion and in cell growth. Previous studies identified Trop-2 as a target for miR-125b suggesting a possible role of miR-125b in the modulation of Trop-2 protein expression. The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of Trop-2 and miR-125b during the physiological pregnancy and in preeclampsia (PE), with or without intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), in order to evaluate the possible role of the protein, and to verify if Trop-2 could be a target for miR-125b in placenta. Double-labelling immunofluorescence indicated that Trop-2 is located in the basal membrane of syncytiotrophoblast. Immunohistochemical and western blotting analyses showed an increase of Trop-2 expression during the development of normal pregnancy. In pathological conditions, Trop-2 levels decreased in PE placenta, while increased in PE-IUGR tissues. In vitro model confirmed results obtained by in vivo analyses. miR-125b in placental tissues increased during the normal pregnancy, as Trop-2 expression, suggesting equilibrium between the two molecules. In pathological conditions the expression of miR-125b was low, suggesting the dysregulation between Trop-2 and miR-125b in PE-IUGR tissues. In maternal blood at first trimester, miR-125b was higher in women with PE than in women with normal pregnancy, suggesting that Trop-2 in PE is regulated by miR-125b that circulate in maternal blood. These results support the theory proposed in previous studies that consider PE and PE-IUGR as two different pathologies. Future studies that can be focused on the role of Trop-2 protein and the use of miR-125b as predictive biomarker of PE and PE-IUGR using maternal plasma.
Human trophoblastic cell surface antigen 2 (Trop-2) è una glicoproteina di membrana di 35-49 kDa, identificata per la prima volta come marker di superficie nelle cellule di trofoblasto umano. Trop-2 ha funzioni importanti quali la regolazione dell'adesione cellulare e la crescita e la proliferazione cellulare. Precedenti studi hanno identificato Trop-2 come target del miR-125b, indicando un possibile ruolo del miR-125b nella modulazione dell'espressione di Trop2. Lo scopo della tesi è di investigare l'espressione di Trop-2 e del miR-125b durante la gravidanza fisiologica e in condizione di preeclampsia, complicata o no da Restrizione di Crescita Intrauterina (IUGR), così da valutare il possibile ruolo della proteina, e verificare se Trop-2 possa essere il target del miR-125b nella placenta. L'immunofluorescenza in doppio ha mostrato che Trop-2 è localizzato nella membrana basale del sinciziotrofoblasto. Analisi immunoistochimiche e western blotting hanno mostrato un incremento dell'espressione di Trop-2 durante lo sviluppo della normale gravidanza. In condizioni patologiche, i livelli di Trop-2 sono diminuiti nelle placente PE, mentre sono incrementati nelle PE-IUGR. Il modello in vitro ha confermato quanto osservato con le analisi in vivo. miR-125b nei tessuti placentari è aumentato durante la normale gravidanza, come Trop-2, suggerendo equilibrio tra le due molecole. In condizioni patologiche, l'espressione del miR-125b è bassa, suggerendo una deregolazione tra Trop-2 e miR-125b nella PE-IUGR. Nel sangue materno al primo trimestre, miR-125b è più alto nelle donne con PE rispetto a quelle con normale gravidanza, suggerendo che Trop-2 in PE è regolato dal miR-125b circolante nel sangue materno. Questi risultati supportano la teoria che considera PE e PE-IUGR come due differenti patologie. Studi futuri possono essere indirizzati sull'approfondimento del ruolo di Trop-2 e sull'uso di miR-125b come biomarker predittivo di PE e PE-IUGR nel sangue materno.
Trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 and miR-125b: from normal human placental development to gestational diseases / Licini, Caterina. - (2018 Mar 15).
Trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 and miR-125b: from normal human placental development to gestational diseases
LICINI, CATERINA
2018-03-15
Abstract
Human trophoblastic cell surface antigen 2 (Trop-2) is a 35-49 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein, first identified as a cell surface marker for human trophoblast cells. Trop-2 has important functions, as the regulation in cell-cell adhesion and in cell growth. Previous studies identified Trop-2 as a target for miR-125b suggesting a possible role of miR-125b in the modulation of Trop-2 protein expression. The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of Trop-2 and miR-125b during the physiological pregnancy and in preeclampsia (PE), with or without intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), in order to evaluate the possible role of the protein, and to verify if Trop-2 could be a target for miR-125b in placenta. Double-labelling immunofluorescence indicated that Trop-2 is located in the basal membrane of syncytiotrophoblast. Immunohistochemical and western blotting analyses showed an increase of Trop-2 expression during the development of normal pregnancy. In pathological conditions, Trop-2 levels decreased in PE placenta, while increased in PE-IUGR tissues. In vitro model confirmed results obtained by in vivo analyses. miR-125b in placental tissues increased during the normal pregnancy, as Trop-2 expression, suggesting equilibrium between the two molecules. In pathological conditions the expression of miR-125b was low, suggesting the dysregulation between Trop-2 and miR-125b in PE-IUGR tissues. In maternal blood at first trimester, miR-125b was higher in women with PE than in women with normal pregnancy, suggesting that Trop-2 in PE is regulated by miR-125b that circulate in maternal blood. These results support the theory proposed in previous studies that consider PE and PE-IUGR as two different pathologies. Future studies that can be focused on the role of Trop-2 protein and the use of miR-125b as predictive biomarker of PE and PE-IUGR using maternal plasma.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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