This Thesis is mainly focused on the low-power WSN communication modeling. The first goal has been to model and properly design the BLE in a scenario characterized by low throughput, but strict reliability requirement. The result of this activity has been the development of smart shoes connected via BLE to a smartphone, forming a classic star-topology. This study has shown that BLE fulfills the requirements, opening the way to further investigations on power management analysis. The second work has dealt with the neighbour discovery procedure, implemented by BLE, and has modeled the energy-efficiency of the Periodic-Random-Access-to-Link-Layer (PRALL) protocol, that is modeled through a deterministic approach. The comparison with the simulation results, has shown the developed model has the capability to evaluate the discovery-latency for the most of parameterizations. These considerations have led to the development of a modified version of PRALL that improves its performance. The third work has been aimed at the characterization of the medium access of the central node, which has to schedule both connection -less and oriented communication. The developed models are merged into a single tool, intended to properly design device parameters. In the fourth and last topic, the adoption of data-centric communication paradigm by the MQTT protocol, has been investigated, firstly, in an AAL scenario and, secondly, in a building automation context. In the first work the power consumption estimation for several designed configurations, has shown that MQTT may be effectively adopted for a quick and reliable distribution of notification messages among the different actors involved by the platform. In the second work, the MQTT data-structure has been adopted over LoRa physical communication link to support real-time building automation services. Extensive measurement campaigns have proved that LoRa is well suited to ensure adequate radio coverage even in big and bulky buildings.
La presente Tesi è focalizzata sulla valutazione e la modellazione delle Wireless Sensor Network a basso consumo. Il primo argomento ha riguardato la progettazione di un sistema di sensori indossabili, le scarpe intelligenti, connesse tramite Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) ad uno smartphone in una classica rete a stella. Si è dimostrata l'appropriatezza del protocollo BLE per applicazioni come questa, in cui è richiesto basso throughput, ma affidabilità del dato. Il secondo lavoro ha riguardato lo studio della procedura di scansione, implementata dal BLE per la ricerca dei nodi nelle vicinanze o per la comunicazione dei dati senza connessione. Si è quindi sviluppato un modello deterministico del protocollo di scansione (Periodic-Random-Access-to-Link-Layer – PRALL), dimostratosi coerente con i dati del simulatore. E’ stata, inoltre, implementata una modifica al PRALL, che lo rende performante in termini di abbassamento dei massimi di latenza. Il terzo argomento ha inquadrato il BLE in uno scenario in cui dispositivi in connessione e senza connessione devono coesistere, comunicando con un nodo centrale condiviso. Si è, quindi, modellato l’accesso al mezzo del nodo centrale, ottenendo un valido strumento per la fase di progettazione delle reti miste BLE. Il quarto e ultimo argomento ha analizzato l'adozione del paradigma di comunicazione data-centrico del protocollo MQTT (Message Queue Telemetry Transport). In una prima applicazione per ambienti assistivi (Ambient Assisted Living - AAL) è stata valutata la sua integrazione a vari livelli dell'architettura, come gateway verso Internet o integrato nativamente sui sensori. Nella seconda applicazione per l’automazione degli edifici, la struttura dei dati del protocollo MQTT è stata integrata per la comunicazione su mezzo fisico LoRa. Le campagne di misura realizzate hanno dimostrato che LoRa è in grado di assicurare un'adeguata copertura di segnale negli scenari indoor, compresi i grandi edifici.
Optimization of communication protocols for low-power Wireless Sensor Networks / DEL CAMPO, Antonio. - (2017 Mar 27).
Optimization of communication protocols for low-power Wireless Sensor Networks
DEL CAMPO, ANTONIO
2017-03-27
Abstract
This Thesis is mainly focused on the low-power WSN communication modeling. The first goal has been to model and properly design the BLE in a scenario characterized by low throughput, but strict reliability requirement. The result of this activity has been the development of smart shoes connected via BLE to a smartphone, forming a classic star-topology. This study has shown that BLE fulfills the requirements, opening the way to further investigations on power management analysis. The second work has dealt with the neighbour discovery procedure, implemented by BLE, and has modeled the energy-efficiency of the Periodic-Random-Access-to-Link-Layer (PRALL) protocol, that is modeled through a deterministic approach. The comparison with the simulation results, has shown the developed model has the capability to evaluate the discovery-latency for the most of parameterizations. These considerations have led to the development of a modified version of PRALL that improves its performance. The third work has been aimed at the characterization of the medium access of the central node, which has to schedule both connection -less and oriented communication. The developed models are merged into a single tool, intended to properly design device parameters. In the fourth and last topic, the adoption of data-centric communication paradigm by the MQTT protocol, has been investigated, firstly, in an AAL scenario and, secondly, in a building automation context. In the first work the power consumption estimation for several designed configurations, has shown that MQTT may be effectively adopted for a quick and reliable distribution of notification messages among the different actors involved by the platform. In the second work, the MQTT data-structure has been adopted over LoRa physical communication link to support real-time building automation services. Extensive measurement campaigns have proved that LoRa is well suited to ensure adequate radio coverage even in big and bulky buildings.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Tesi_Del_Campo.pdf
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