The recent outbreak of the xylem limited bacterium Xylella fastidiosa, the agent responsible for the Olive Quick Decline Syndrome (OQDS) in the Salento peninsula (Apulia, Italy), is considered a relevant phytosanitary problem also due to the high probability of spread from established infested area. The common meadow spittlebug Philaenus spumarius (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha), at present, is the only insect proven to be able in transmitting the pathogen in Italy but any other xylem-sap feeding species has to be considered a potential vector until contrasting evidences. In the present thesis, it is presented the outcome of 3-years work on the functional anatomy and the ecology of Philaenus spumarius and other potential vectors. The study of the functional morphology of P. spumarius antennae, labium and foregut was carried out through scanning and transmission electron microscopy techniques as well as micro computed tomography. The aim of these investigations were to understand the role of different structures involved in the host plant selection and in the pathogen transmission. The dispersal of P. spumarius, and other xylem-sap feeders in relationship with wild-plant abundance and olive trees, were studied over 1 year in an olive agroecosystem of the Marche region (Central Italy). Adults were sampled using yellow sticky traps at 2 different heights in a regular geo-referenced grid and wild cover vegetation was surveyed around each sampling point. Distribution maps were built based on spatial analysis by distance indices, showing patch/gap distribution and plant-associations.
Xylella fastidiosa e' il batterio xilematico associato al Complesso del Disseccamento Rapido dell'Olivo (CoDiRO) nella penisola salentina (Puglia, Italia). Questa patologia e' considerata un grave problema fitosanitario anche a causa della elevata probabilità di diffusione. La comune 'sputacchina' Philaenus spumarius (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha), allo stato attuale, è l'unico vettore accertato in Italia; nonostante questo, tutti gli insetti ad alimentazione xilematica sono considerati potenziali vettori. Nella presente tesi sono riportati i risultati di 3 anni di studio inerenti l'anatomia funzionale e l'ecologia di P. spumarius e di altri potenziali vettori. La morfologia funzionale delle antenne e dell'apparato boccale di P. spumarius è stata studiata attraverso tecniche di microscopia elettronica a scansione e a trasmissione e mediante micro-tomografia computerizzata. Lo scopo di queste indagini è stato quello di comprendere il ruolo di diverse strutture coinvolte nella selezione delle piante ospiti e nella trasmissione dei patogeni. Viene inoltre presentato lo studio della distribuzione spaziale e della fenologia di P. spumarius e altri insetti xilemomizi in relazione all'abbondanza di piante spontanee, in un oliveto della regione Marche (Italia centrale). Gli adulti sono stati campionati, in un periodo di un anno, utilizzando trappole cromotropiche posizionate a 2 diverse altezze in una griglia geo-referenziata. La vegetazione spontanea è stata analizzata intorno ad ogni punto di campionamento. Sono state costruite mappe di distribuzione basate sulle analisi spaziali e sono stati studiati i livelli di associazione con la vegetazione spontanea.
Functional anatomy and ecology of Philaenus spumarius and other Xylella fastidiosa potential vectors / Ranieri, Emanuele. - (2018 Mar 22).
Functional anatomy and ecology of Philaenus spumarius and other Xylella fastidiosa potential vectors
RANIERI, EMANUELE
2018-03-22
Abstract
The recent outbreak of the xylem limited bacterium Xylella fastidiosa, the agent responsible for the Olive Quick Decline Syndrome (OQDS) in the Salento peninsula (Apulia, Italy), is considered a relevant phytosanitary problem also due to the high probability of spread from established infested area. The common meadow spittlebug Philaenus spumarius (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha), at present, is the only insect proven to be able in transmitting the pathogen in Italy but any other xylem-sap feeding species has to be considered a potential vector until contrasting evidences. In the present thesis, it is presented the outcome of 3-years work on the functional anatomy and the ecology of Philaenus spumarius and other potential vectors. The study of the functional morphology of P. spumarius antennae, labium and foregut was carried out through scanning and transmission electron microscopy techniques as well as micro computed tomography. The aim of these investigations were to understand the role of different structures involved in the host plant selection and in the pathogen transmission. The dispersal of P. spumarius, and other xylem-sap feeders in relationship with wild-plant abundance and olive trees, were studied over 1 year in an olive agroecosystem of the Marche region (Central Italy). Adults were sampled using yellow sticky traps at 2 different heights in a regular geo-referenced grid and wild cover vegetation was surveyed around each sampling point. Distribution maps were built based on spatial analysis by distance indices, showing patch/gap distribution and plant-associations.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
Tesi_Ranieri.pdf
Open Access dal 23/09/2019
Descrizione: Tesi_Ranieri.pdf
Tipologia:
Tesi di dottorato
Licenza d'uso:
Creative commons
Dimensione
11.63 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
11.63 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.