Amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells (AFMSC) are great candidates for regenerative therapy of neurodegenerative diseases due to their extensive capability of self-renewal, differentiation in specialized cells, lack of ethical restriction and immunogenic potential. In this study, we analyzed and induced to neuronal differentiation AFMSC isolated from 9 samples of amniotic fluid collected in the second trimester of pregnancy. AFMSC have been characterized immunophenotypically and genotypically; to define AFMSC stemness characteristic osteogenic chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiative potential was assessed. The cells isolated from amniotic fluid matched all the stemness criteria, proving to be stem cells. Subsequently, their neuronal differentiation was induced with an indirect co-culture with human astrocyte cells. Co-cultured AFMSC had a gradual slowdown in cell proliferation rate and differentiate into neuron-like cells as a response to factors secreted by glial cells in co-culture. RT-PCR (PCR Array) analysis of co-cultured AFMSC showed significant changes in expression of cell cycle regulators genes, in symmetric and asymmetric division, in self-renewal and cell differentiation markers, in cytokines and growth factors. The expression of neurogenesis involved genes after co-culture with glial cells showed considerable variations too. The self renewal relates genes related were reduced. Co-cultured AFMSC showed an increased protein expression of Nestin and β-tubulin III, markers of neural progenitors and no expression of glial expression markers GFAP and S100. In conclusion, AFMSC seem to respond to neuronal differentiation, although further electrophysiological analysis will be necessary; therefore, AFMSC are excellent candidates for neurodegenerative diseases therapy.
Le cellule staminali mesenchimali derivate da liquido amniotico (AFMSC) sono ottime candidate per la terapia rigenerativa di patologie neurodegenerative grazie alle loro caratteristiche di facile isolabilità, staminalità e potenzialità immunomodulatrice. In questo studio sono state analizzate e indotte a differenziamento in senso neuronale AFMSC isolate da 9 campioni di liquido amniotico raccolto nel secondo trimestre di gravidanza. Le AFMSC sono state caratterizzate immunofenotipicamente e genotipicamente ed è stato valutato il loro potenziale differenziativo in senso osteogenico, condrogenico e adipogenico per definirne il carattere di staminalità. Le cellule isolate hanno soddisfatto tutti i criteri, dimostrando di essere cellule realmente staminali. Successivamente, è stato indotto il loro differenziamento in senso neuronale tramite co-coltura indiretta con cellule astrocitarie umane. Durante la co-coltura, le AFMSC hanno avuto un progressivo rallentamento del tasso di proliferazione cellulare e comparsa di morfologia neurite-like, significativa di una risposta ai fattori secreti dalle cellule gliali della co-coltura. L’analisi con RT-PCR (PCR Array) di AFMSC dopo co-coltura ha dimostrato notevoli variazioni di espressione dei geni regolatori del ciclo cellulare, della divisione simmetrica e asimmetrica, nei markers di autorinnovamento e di differenziazione cellulare, nelle citochine e nei fattori di crescita. Anche l’espressione dei geni coinvolti nella neurogenesi ha dimostrato notevoli variazioni dopo co-coltura con cellule della glia. I geni correlati all’autorinnovamento, invece, sono risultati inibiti. Le AFMSC dopo co-coltura presentano infine un aumento dell’espressione proteica di Nestina e β-Tubulina III, markers dei progenitori neurali, mentre non è stata riscontrata l’espressione dei markers di espressione gliale GFAP e S100. È possibile concludere che le AFMSCs sembrano rispondere al differenziamento neuronale, anche se ulteriori analisi di tipo elettrofisiologico saranno necessarie, ponendosi quindi come ottimi candidati per la terapia di patologie neurodegenerative.
Stem cells in gynecology: from the basis of pathology to its therapeutic approach / Biagini, Alessandra. - (2017 Mar 22).
Stem cells in gynecology: from the basis of pathology to its therapeutic approach
BIAGINI, ALESSANDRA
2017-03-22
Abstract
Amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells (AFMSC) are great candidates for regenerative therapy of neurodegenerative diseases due to their extensive capability of self-renewal, differentiation in specialized cells, lack of ethical restriction and immunogenic potential. In this study, we analyzed and induced to neuronal differentiation AFMSC isolated from 9 samples of amniotic fluid collected in the second trimester of pregnancy. AFMSC have been characterized immunophenotypically and genotypically; to define AFMSC stemness characteristic osteogenic chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiative potential was assessed. The cells isolated from amniotic fluid matched all the stemness criteria, proving to be stem cells. Subsequently, their neuronal differentiation was induced with an indirect co-culture with human astrocyte cells. Co-cultured AFMSC had a gradual slowdown in cell proliferation rate and differentiate into neuron-like cells as a response to factors secreted by glial cells in co-culture. RT-PCR (PCR Array) analysis of co-cultured AFMSC showed significant changes in expression of cell cycle regulators genes, in symmetric and asymmetric division, in self-renewal and cell differentiation markers, in cytokines and growth factors. The expression of neurogenesis involved genes after co-culture with glial cells showed considerable variations too. The self renewal relates genes related were reduced. Co-cultured AFMSC showed an increased protein expression of Nestin and β-tubulin III, markers of neural progenitors and no expression of glial expression markers GFAP and S100. In conclusion, AFMSC seem to respond to neuronal differentiation, although further electrophysiological analysis will be necessary; therefore, AFMSC are excellent candidates for neurodegenerative diseases therapy.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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