The global burden of antimicrobial resistance, together with the reduced development of new antibiotic molecules, has revived the interest in plant products as adjuvants/alternative to antibiotics. Actually, beside a bactericidal action, some products from plants can also act in synergy with antibiotics and/or have an anti-virulence action. In this study, the activities of different essential oils and other plant compounds were evaluated against antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens Streptococcus pyogenes (pharynx), Streptococcus suis (blood, CSF), Listeria monocytogenes (blood, CSF), and Mycobacterium abscessus (lung). Oregano and Thyme essential oils, and their main constituents carvacrol and thymol, demonstrated a bactericidal activity against S. pyogenes and tetracycline-resistant S. suis isolates; carvacrol also showed a synergistic action with erythromycin against erythromycin-resistant S. pyogenes. Capsaicin, the spicy component of plants belonging to the genus Capsicum, was bactericidal against S. pyogenes and also was able to inhibit, at sub-inhibitory concentrations, cell invasion and haemolytic activity, i.e. important virulence traits. Curcumin, a bioactive phenolic compound of Curcuma longa, showed a synergistic effect with several antibiotics (amikacin, clarithromycin, ciprofloxacin and linezolid) to which M. abscessus was highly resistant. Although not showing a bactericidal activity, the essential oil of Cannabis sativa from two French varieties of monoecious hemp reduced the virulence of L. monocytogenes by inhibiting biofilm formation, motility, and cell invasion. The study demonstrates that an antimicrobial strategy based on plant products showing synergy with antibiotics and/or targeting bacterial virulence may represent a new approach to fight antibiotic resistance, also considering the low selective pressure and thus the low propensity to the development of resistance.
L’emergenza globale dell’antibiotico-resistenza, unitamente al ridotto sviluppo di nuove molecole antibiotiche ha ravvivato l'interesse nei confronti delle sostanze naturali come agenti antimicrobici adiuvanti e/o alternativi agli antibiotici. Oltre ad un’azione battericida, tali sostanze possono sia agire in sinergia con gli antibiotici che esercitare un’azione diretta contro la virulenza batterica. In questo studio è stata valutata l’attività antimicrobica e anti-virulenza di differenti oli essenziali e principi attivi vegetali nei confronti di alcuni importanti patogeni antibiotico-resistenti quali Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus suis, Listeria monocytogenes e Mycobacterium abscessus. I risultati dello studio dimostrano un’attività antimicrobica degli oli essenziali di Timo e Origano e dei loro principali costituenti, carvacrolo e timolo, nei confronti di ceppi clinici, antibiotico-resistenti di S. pyogenes e S. suis; in particolare, in S. pyogenes, il carvacrolo mostra un’azione sinergica con eritromicina. La capsaicina, principio attivo di piante appartenenti al genere Capsicum, oltre ad avere un’azione battericida, riduce l’invasione cellulare e l’attività emolitica di ceppi invasivi di S. pyogenes. L’olio essenziale di Cannabis sativa, estratto da due varietà monoiche francesi di canapa industriale, pur non mostrando alcun effetto battericida nei confronti di ceppi clinici di L. monocytogenes, è comunque capace di ridurre la capacità di formare biofilm, la motilità e l’invasione cellulare da parte del patogeno. La curcumina, fitocomposto di Curcuma longa, mostra invece un effetto sinergico con diversi antibiotici ai quali M. abscessus risulta resistente. L’utilizzo di una strategia antimicrobica basata sulla sinergia tra sostanze naturali e antibiotici e/o che abbia come bersaglio la virulenza potrebbe essere dunque molto interessante sia per la bassa pressione selettiva che per la conseguente scarsa propensione allo sviluppo di resistenze.
Attività antimicrobica e anti-virulenza di oli essenziali e principi attivi vegetali nei confronti di patogeni antibiotico-resistenti / Marini, Emanuela. - (2017 Mar 22).
Attività antimicrobica e anti-virulenza di oli essenziali e principi attivi vegetali nei confronti di patogeni antibiotico-resistenti
MARINI, EMANUELA
2017-03-22
Abstract
The global burden of antimicrobial resistance, together with the reduced development of new antibiotic molecules, has revived the interest in plant products as adjuvants/alternative to antibiotics. Actually, beside a bactericidal action, some products from plants can also act in synergy with antibiotics and/or have an anti-virulence action. In this study, the activities of different essential oils and other plant compounds were evaluated against antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens Streptococcus pyogenes (pharynx), Streptococcus suis (blood, CSF), Listeria monocytogenes (blood, CSF), and Mycobacterium abscessus (lung). Oregano and Thyme essential oils, and their main constituents carvacrol and thymol, demonstrated a bactericidal activity against S. pyogenes and tetracycline-resistant S. suis isolates; carvacrol also showed a synergistic action with erythromycin against erythromycin-resistant S. pyogenes. Capsaicin, the spicy component of plants belonging to the genus Capsicum, was bactericidal against S. pyogenes and also was able to inhibit, at sub-inhibitory concentrations, cell invasion and haemolytic activity, i.e. important virulence traits. Curcumin, a bioactive phenolic compound of Curcuma longa, showed a synergistic effect with several antibiotics (amikacin, clarithromycin, ciprofloxacin and linezolid) to which M. abscessus was highly resistant. Although not showing a bactericidal activity, the essential oil of Cannabis sativa from two French varieties of monoecious hemp reduced the virulence of L. monocytogenes by inhibiting biofilm formation, motility, and cell invasion. The study demonstrates that an antimicrobial strategy based on plant products showing synergy with antibiotics and/or targeting bacterial virulence may represent a new approach to fight antibiotic resistance, also considering the low selective pressure and thus the low propensity to the development of resistance.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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