The research aims to empirically investigate the relationship between income distribution and some aggregate variables, by developing a detailed study of inequality through the assessment of alternative measures and the computation of some decompositions. In the first Chapter, the most influential contributions of the literature, both theoretical and empirical, have been reviewed, and the mechanisms through which inequality may affect growth have been highlighted and discussed. The second Chapter deals with the estimation of the relationship of interest in a panel of high-income, OECD countries, for which a rich set of inequality measures has been built using internationally harmonized microdata on income. In addition, some decompositions of the most commonly used inequality indexes have been computed, allowing a punctual study of the within- and the between-group inequality, thus adding to the reference empirical literature relying mostly on the Gini index. However, the limited number of available observations and the restricted dimension of the panel do not allow for a proper application to the reference growth model of those estimators controlling for both the heterogeneity and the endogeneity bias. As a consequence, in the third Chapter an extended dataset has been assembled, including high, middle and low-income countries, in order to check whether more robust results can be obtained. By estimating the reference model, evidence of non-linearities in the relationship between inequality and growth in fact emerges. Finally, the fourth Chapter reverses somehow the perspective and aims to focus on the distributional impact of financial development, by assessing the association between the credit to the private sector and inequality. The analysis points to understand, in particular, whether the effects of credit are homogeneous or rather differentiated along the income distribution.
La ricerca intende valutare la relazione tra distribuzione del reddito ed alcune variabili aggregate, attraverso uno studio dettagliato della disuguaglianza basato sull’impiego di misure alternative e sul computo di alcune scomposizioni dei più noti indici. Il primo capitolo propone una rassegna dei più significativi contributi della letteratura, sia teorica che empirica, ponendo particolare attenzione ai meccanismi attraverso cui la disuguaglianza può avere effetti sulla crescita. Il secondo capitolo presenta la stima di un modello di crescita per un panel di Paesi OCSE, ad alto reddito, utilizzando misure alternative di disuguaglianza calcolate a partire da un dataset di micro-dati armonizzati a livello internazionale. Inoltre, integrando la letteratura di riferimento, alcune scomposizioni dei più noti indici sono state calcolate, consentendo in tal modo uno studio approfondito della disuguaglianza tra gruppi di reddito e al loro interno. Tuttavia, le limitate dimensioni del panel esaminato non hanno consentito la valida applicazione degli stimatori preposti a stimare in modo consistente la regressione di crescita oggetto dell’analisi. Di conseguenza, nel terzo capitolo, il dataset è stato ampliato includendo ulteriori Paesi, ad alto, medio e basso reddito. Con riferimento al nuovo panel, tra le variabili di interesse - crescita e disuguaglianza - emerge l’evidenza di un’associazione non lineare. Il quarto capitolo, infine, assume una diversa prospettiva e mira a studiare gli impatti distributivi dello sviluppo finanziario, analizzando la possibile associazione tra credito al settore privato e disuguaglianza. In questo caso, obiettivo dell’analisi è valutare se l’impatto della variabile credito risulta omogeneo, o differisce invece, lungo la distribuzione del reddito. A tal fine, sono state utilizzate misure alternative di disuguaglianza, caratterizzate da una diversa sensibilità a trasferimenti di reddito che interessano parti diverse della distribuzione, o relative a vari gruppi di reddito.
An Empirical Investigation on Income Inequalities / Scaturro, Francesca. - (2015 Feb 20).
An Empirical Investigation on Income Inequalities
SCATURRO, FRANCESCA
2015-02-20
Abstract
The research aims to empirically investigate the relationship between income distribution and some aggregate variables, by developing a detailed study of inequality through the assessment of alternative measures and the computation of some decompositions. In the first Chapter, the most influential contributions of the literature, both theoretical and empirical, have been reviewed, and the mechanisms through which inequality may affect growth have been highlighted and discussed. The second Chapter deals with the estimation of the relationship of interest in a panel of high-income, OECD countries, for which a rich set of inequality measures has been built using internationally harmonized microdata on income. In addition, some decompositions of the most commonly used inequality indexes have been computed, allowing a punctual study of the within- and the between-group inequality, thus adding to the reference empirical literature relying mostly on the Gini index. However, the limited number of available observations and the restricted dimension of the panel do not allow for a proper application to the reference growth model of those estimators controlling for both the heterogeneity and the endogeneity bias. As a consequence, in the third Chapter an extended dataset has been assembled, including high, middle and low-income countries, in order to check whether more robust results can be obtained. By estimating the reference model, evidence of non-linearities in the relationship between inequality and growth in fact emerges. Finally, the fourth Chapter reverses somehow the perspective and aims to focus on the distributional impact of financial development, by assessing the association between the credit to the private sector and inequality. The analysis points to understand, in particular, whether the effects of credit are homogeneous or rather differentiated along the income distribution.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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