The immediate aftermath of a disaster is one of the most concerning phase of disaster because the assistance by the relief units and emergency services is not immediately provided and authorities have usually little control of the situation. During this phase people rely on themselves or on others in their immediate proximity and their actions, or inactions, have direct consequences on the following response operations. Unfortunately, this phase has been rarely studied consistently and little attention has been devoted in investigating the emergent behavior of survivors and the related decision-making process. This study aims at enhancing the knowledge on survivors’ behavior in the immediate aftermath of a disaster and improve the disaster management of the early moments developing new strategies and educational programs based on evidence and scientific studies. In this project, we use the Fuzzy Cognitive Map (FCM) method to investigate all the variables, and the relationships among them, which influence the individuals’ decision to deal with a disaster situation as a result of the interaction between personal characteristics and environmental conditions. Some variables, such as the attachment to familiar persons or the degree of perceived danger, have been investigated in detail and new profiles of survivor has been developed on the basis of the existing psycho-social theories. Finally, all the information collected have been used to develop a new approach for disaster education based on a decision flow chart. This work offers a special contribution to the study of emergent behaviors in the immediate aftermath of a disaster. Furthermore, the development of a new educational approach aims at helping disaster manager in improving response strategies; a better knowledge of survivors’ behavior, in fact, could enhance the effectiveness and the efficiency of the disaster response especially considering survivors on the field as a resource rather than a concern.
Il periodo immediatamente successivo ad un disastro è una delle fasi più preoccupanti di un disastro perché l’assistenza delle unità di soccorso e dei servizi di emergenza non è fornita nell’immediato e le autorità hanno solitamente un limitato controllo della situazione. Durante questa fase le persone fanno affidamento solo su loro stessi o sugli altri nelle immediate vicinanze e le loro azioni, o non azioni, hanno conseguenze dirette sulle successive operazioni di risposta. Sfortunatamente, questa fase è stata raramente studiata con consistenza e poca attenzione è stata rivolta allo studio del comportamento emergente dei sopravvissuti e al relativo processo decisionale. Questo studio ha come obiettivo quello di aumentare la conoscenza rigurado al comportamento dei sopravvissuti nel periodo immediatamente successivo ad un disastro e di migliorare la gestione delle prime fasi sviluppando nuove strategie e programmi educativi basati su prove e studi scientifici. In questo progetto, abbiamo usato il metodo delle Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCMs) per studiare le variabili, e le realzione tra di esse, che influenzano la decisione degli individui di reagire e far fronte ad una situazione di disastro come risultato dell’interazione tra le caratteristiche personali e le condizioni ambientali. Alcune variabili, come l’attaccamento alle persone familiari o il grado di pericolo percepito, sono state studiate nel dettaglio e nuovi profili dei sopravvissuti sono stati sviluppati sulla base di teorie psico-sociali esistenti. Infine, tutte le informazioni raccolte sono state usate per sviluppare un nuovo approccio per l’educazione dei disastri basato su uno schema di flusso decisionale. Questo lavoro offre un contributo speciale allo studio dei comportamenti emergenti nella fase subito successiva ad un disastro. Inoltre, lo sviluppo di un nuovo approccio educativo mira a aiutare i gestori di un disastro a migliorare le strategie di risposta; una migliore consocenza del comportamenti dei sopravvissuti, infatti, può migliorare l’efficacia e l’efficienza della risposta al disastro, specialmente considerando le persone coinvolte come una risorsa invece che come un problema.
WALKING (WITH THE) WOUNDED SURVIVORS’ BEHAVIOR IN THE IMMEDIATE AFTERMATH OF A DISASTER / Bartolucci, Andrea; Bartolucci, Andrea. - (2016 Mar 01).
WALKING (WITH THE) WOUNDED SURVIVORS’ BEHAVIOR IN THE IMMEDIATE AFTERMATH OF A DISASTER
BARTOLUCCI, ANDREA;BARTOLUCCI, ANDREA
2016-03-01
Abstract
The immediate aftermath of a disaster is one of the most concerning phase of disaster because the assistance by the relief units and emergency services is not immediately provided and authorities have usually little control of the situation. During this phase people rely on themselves or on others in their immediate proximity and their actions, or inactions, have direct consequences on the following response operations. Unfortunately, this phase has been rarely studied consistently and little attention has been devoted in investigating the emergent behavior of survivors and the related decision-making process. This study aims at enhancing the knowledge on survivors’ behavior in the immediate aftermath of a disaster and improve the disaster management of the early moments developing new strategies and educational programs based on evidence and scientific studies. In this project, we use the Fuzzy Cognitive Map (FCM) method to investigate all the variables, and the relationships among them, which influence the individuals’ decision to deal with a disaster situation as a result of the interaction between personal characteristics and environmental conditions. Some variables, such as the attachment to familiar persons or the degree of perceived danger, have been investigated in detail and new profiles of survivor has been developed on the basis of the existing psycho-social theories. Finally, all the information collected have been used to develop a new approach for disaster education based on a decision flow chart. This work offers a special contribution to the study of emergent behaviors in the immediate aftermath of a disaster. Furthermore, the development of a new educational approach aims at helping disaster manager in improving response strategies; a better knowledge of survivors’ behavior, in fact, could enhance the effectiveness and the efficiency of the disaster response especially considering survivors on the field as a resource rather than a concern.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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