In order to provide adequate nutrition to preterm infants with very low birth weight (< 1250), enteral nutrition is often associated with nutritional support by intravenous lipid emulsions. They allow to achieve a high energy intake without excessive glucose and are a source of essential fatty acids. The essential fatty acids linoleic (C 18:2 ω6) and α -linolenic (C 18:3 ω3) are important precursors for the synthesis of arachidonic acid (ARA C 20:4 ω6), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA C 20:5 ω3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA C 22:6 ω3). The availability of adequate amounts of fatty acids, precursors and derivatives, is important for the growth and development of preterm infant: especially ARA and DHA are necessary for the neuro-intellectual development. The lipid emulsions also contain phytosterols, plant sterols that are not synthesized in humans, but which are taken through the diet. Some studies show that phytosterols as potentially dangerous for their possible association with cholestasis. The aim of this study was to analyze plasma lipid profile (fatty acids and phytosterols) of 144 preterm infants on parenteral nutrition. They were randomized to receive 5 different lipid emulsions, of which 2 containing fish oil (Lipidem® and SMOF®) and 3 conventional (Intralipid®, ClinOleic® and Lipofundin®). The content of fatty acids and sterols was analyzed by chromatographic analysis (TLC, GC/FID, GC/MS) . These results shown that the emulsions containing fish oil determine a modification of the plasma lipid profile. More in detail, they determine a significant increase of ω 3 fatty acids, especially EPA and DHA, and they induce a significant reduction of plasma phytosterols. Nevertheless, we have not found an association between high levels of plasma phytosterols and cholestasis. Further studies of follow-up are necessary to assess the development of neuro- intellectual patients.
Al fine di fornire un’adeguata nutrizione ai bambini pretermine di peso molto basso (<1250), oltre ad una nutrizione enterale, viene associato anche un supporto nutrizionale per via endovenosa tramite emulsioni lipidiche. Esse permettono di raggiungere un elevato apporto energetico senza un eccessivo carico di glucosio e sono fonte di acidi grassi essenziali. Gli acidi grassi essenziali linoleico (C 18:2 ω6) e α-linolenico (C 18:3 ω3) sono importanti precursori per la sintesi dell’acido arachidonico (ARA C 20:4 ω6), dell’acido eicosapentenoico (EPA C 20:5 ω3) e docosaesaenoico (DHA C 22:6 ω3). La disponibilità di adeguate quantità di acidi grassi è importante per la crescita e lo sviluppo del neonato pretermine: in particolar modo l’ARA e il DHA sono necessari per lo sviluppo neurointellettivo del neonato. Le emulsioni lipidiche contengono anche fitosteroli, steroli vegetali che non vengono sintetizzati nell’uomo ma che vengono assunti tramite la dieta. Alcuni studi indicano i fitosteroli come potenzialmente dannosi per la loro possibile associazione con la colestasi. Lo scopo di questo studio è stato quello di analizzare il profilo lipidico plasmatico (acidi grassi e steroli) di 144 neonati pretermine sottoposti a nutrizione parenterale e randomizzati a ricevere 5 emulsioni lipidiche differenti, di cui 2 contenti olio di pesce (Lipidem® e SMOF®) e 3 convenzionali (Intralipid®, ClinOleic® e Lipofundin®). Il contenuto di acidi grassi e di steroli è stato analizzato tramite analisi cromatografiche (TLC, GC/FID, GC/MS). Dai risultati ottenuti si evince che le emulsioni contenenti olio di pesce determinano una modificazione del profilo lipidico plasmatico. In particolare, esse determinano un aumento significativo degli acidi grassi ω3, specialmente l’EPA e il DHA, e una riduzione significativa dei fitosteroli plasmatici. Ciononostante, non abbiamo riscontrato un’ associazione tra alti livelli di fitosteroli plasmatici e colestasi. Risultano necessari successivi studi di follow-up per valutare lo sviluppo neurointellettivo dei pazienti.
Profilo degli acidi grassi e degli steroli nel plasma di neonati sottoposti a nutrizione parenterale / Savini, Sara. - (2014 Mar 28).
Profilo degli acidi grassi e degli steroli nel plasma di neonati sottoposti a nutrizione parenterale
Savini, Sara
2014-03-28
Abstract
In order to provide adequate nutrition to preterm infants with very low birth weight (< 1250), enteral nutrition is often associated with nutritional support by intravenous lipid emulsions. They allow to achieve a high energy intake without excessive glucose and are a source of essential fatty acids. The essential fatty acids linoleic (C 18:2 ω6) and α -linolenic (C 18:3 ω3) are important precursors for the synthesis of arachidonic acid (ARA C 20:4 ω6), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA C 20:5 ω3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA C 22:6 ω3). The availability of adequate amounts of fatty acids, precursors and derivatives, is important for the growth and development of preterm infant: especially ARA and DHA are necessary for the neuro-intellectual development. The lipid emulsions also contain phytosterols, plant sterols that are not synthesized in humans, but which are taken through the diet. Some studies show that phytosterols as potentially dangerous for their possible association with cholestasis. The aim of this study was to analyze plasma lipid profile (fatty acids and phytosterols) of 144 preterm infants on parenteral nutrition. They were randomized to receive 5 different lipid emulsions, of which 2 containing fish oil (Lipidem® and SMOF®) and 3 conventional (Intralipid®, ClinOleic® and Lipofundin®). The content of fatty acids and sterols was analyzed by chromatographic analysis (TLC, GC/FID, GC/MS) . These results shown that the emulsions containing fish oil determine a modification of the plasma lipid profile. More in detail, they determine a significant increase of ω 3 fatty acids, especially EPA and DHA, and they induce a significant reduction of plasma phytosterols. Nevertheless, we have not found an association between high levels of plasma phytosterols and cholestasis. Further studies of follow-up are necessary to assess the development of neuro- intellectual patients.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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