Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase: a novel diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for bladder urothelial carcinoma. Bladder urothelial carcinoma represents one of the most common urologic malignancies and is a major cause of cancer-related death. Although cystoscopy and urine cytology represent the “gold standard” methods for detection and monitoring of this neoplasm, both procedures have limitations. Therefore, the identification of reliable biomarkers for early and non-invasive detection of bladder cancer are urgently required. The present study is focused on the enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT). We first analyzed gene expression profiles of tumor and normal tissue samples obtained from the same patient affected with bladder cancer. The enzyme NNMT was identified as a highly expressed gene in tumor compared with control. Therefore, we evaluated NNMT expression in 28 patients with bladder cancer. NNMT mRNA and protein levels were significantly higher in bladder cancer compared to adjacent normal tissue. In addition, NNMT expression levels were evaluated in urinary exfoliated cells obtained from 55 patients with bladder cancer and 107 healthy donors, using Real-Time PCR. Results showed that urinary NNMT expression was significantly higher in bladder cancer patients compared with controls. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses revealed the excellent diagnostic accuracy of a urine-based NNMT test and the best cut-off value to discriminate bladder cancer patients from healthy subjects. Data reported in the current study suggest that NNMT could represent a molecular biomarker of bladder cancer and could be used for the development of a urine-based test for the early and non-invasive detection of this tumor.
L’enzima nicotinamide N-metiltrasferasi: un nuovo marker diagnostico e target terapeutico del carcinoma uroteliale della vescica Il carcinoma uroteliale della vescica è uno dei tumori urologici di più frequente riscontro e rappresenta un’impostante causa di morte per cancro. Sebbene la cistoscopia e l’analisi citologica del sedimento urinario costituiscano il "gold standard" per la diagnosi e il monitoraggio di tale tumore, entrambe le procedure presentano dei limiti. Pertanto, risulta di fondamentale importanza l’identificazione di biomarcatori che possano impiegati per la diagnosi precoce e non invasiva del carcinoma uroteliale della vescica. Oggetto del presente lavoro di ricerca è l’enzima nicotinamide N-metiltrasferasi (NNMT). E’ stato dapprima analizzato il profilo di espressione genica del tessuto sano e canceroso di un paziente affetto da carcinoma della vescica. I risultati hanno mostrato l’overespressione del gene per NNMT nel tessuto patologico rispetto a quello sano. L’analisi dei livelli di espressione dell’enzima è stata pertanto estesa a 28 pazienti affetti da carcinoma vescicale. Le indagini svolte hanno evidenziato un’overespressione dell’NNMT (mRNA e proteina) nel carcinoma rispetto al tessuto sano adiacente. I livelli di espressione dell’NNMT sono stati inoltre valutati nelle cellule di sfaldamento dell’urotelio vescicale reperite in campioni urinari ottenuti da 55 pazienti affetti da carcinoma della vescica e 107 soggetti sani, mediante Real-Time PCR. I risultati hanno mostrato un significativo aumento dell'espressione dell'NNMT nelle urine dei soggetti affetti da neoplasia rispetto ai controlli. L’analisi della curva ROC ha consentito di determinare un’eccellente accuratezza diagnostica relativa al test basato sulla valutazione dei livelli urinari dell'NNMT e di individuare il valore di cut-off che meglio discrimina i soggetti malati da quelli sani. I risultati riportati nel presente studio indicano l'NNMT quale potenziale marcatore molecolare del carcinoma uroteliale della vescica e suggeriscono un suo impiego nella diagnosi precoce e non invasiva di tale neoplasia.
L'enzima Nicotinamide N-metiltrasferasi: un nuovo marker diagnostico e target terapeutico nel carcinoma uroteliale della vescica / Di Ruscio, Giulia. - (2016 Feb 26).
L'enzima Nicotinamide N-metiltrasferasi: un nuovo marker diagnostico e target terapeutico nel carcinoma uroteliale della vescica
Di Ruscio, Giulia
2016-02-26
Abstract
Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase: a novel diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for bladder urothelial carcinoma. Bladder urothelial carcinoma represents one of the most common urologic malignancies and is a major cause of cancer-related death. Although cystoscopy and urine cytology represent the “gold standard” methods for detection and monitoring of this neoplasm, both procedures have limitations. Therefore, the identification of reliable biomarkers for early and non-invasive detection of bladder cancer are urgently required. The present study is focused on the enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT). We first analyzed gene expression profiles of tumor and normal tissue samples obtained from the same patient affected with bladder cancer. The enzyme NNMT was identified as a highly expressed gene in tumor compared with control. Therefore, we evaluated NNMT expression in 28 patients with bladder cancer. NNMT mRNA and protein levels were significantly higher in bladder cancer compared to adjacent normal tissue. In addition, NNMT expression levels were evaluated in urinary exfoliated cells obtained from 55 patients with bladder cancer and 107 healthy donors, using Real-Time PCR. Results showed that urinary NNMT expression was significantly higher in bladder cancer patients compared with controls. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses revealed the excellent diagnostic accuracy of a urine-based NNMT test and the best cut-off value to discriminate bladder cancer patients from healthy subjects. Data reported in the current study suggest that NNMT could represent a molecular biomarker of bladder cancer and could be used for the development of a urine-based test for the early and non-invasive detection of this tumor.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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