Early and accurate diagnosis of mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) disorders is imperative to optimize treatment outcomes by preventing irreversible organ damage, particularly for those disorders that are amenable to effective treatment, such as enzyme replacement therapy. This work allows the characterization of urinary GAGs for application to the diagnosis and follow-up of mucopolysaccharidosis, by modifying known laboratory methods (measurement and characterization of urinary glycosaminoglycans or GAGs) and by developing new analytical approaches (determination and ratio of total urinary hexosamines derived from GAGs, separation of urinary disaccharides). This new analytical approach, based on the determination of the main hexosamines forming GAGs through capillary electrophoresis (CE) and HPLC, has produced important differences compared to the control group when applied to the urine of patients affected by various MPS syndromes. First of all, the total content of hexosamines is indicative of a abnormal urinary excretion of GAGs. Furthermore, the specific quantification of galactosamines (GalN) and glucosamines (GlcN) and the related ratio are markers of different MPS syndromes in both their mild and severe forms. Through the application of the method of separation of urinary disaccharides by HPLC/UV and treatment with specific lyases, the characterization of urinary GAGs in MPS subjects before and during therapy has also been possible, showing that the enzyme replacement therapy is only partially effective, because it is not able to totally remove pathological GAGs from urine. These results provide the conditions for an optimization of treatment regimens already in use in terms of dosage and timing of infusion, for a possible development of a personalized treatment and a better evaluation of new therapeutic procedures.
Una diagnosi precoce ed accurata di mucopolisaccaridosi (MPS) è il presupposto fondamentale per consentire un tempestivo approccio terapeutico, prevenendo così danni irreversibili ad organi, in particolare per quelle forme che sono soggette a trattamento efficace come la terapia enzimatica sostitutiva. Il presente lavoro, attraverso la modifica di metodi di laboratorio già noti (dosaggio e caratterizzazione dei glicosaminoglicani o GAG) e la messa a punto di nuovi approcci metodologici (valutazione e rapporto delle esosamine derivate dai GAG, determinazione dei disaccaridi urinari), consente la caratterizzazione dei glicosaminoglicani urinari per l’applicazione alla diagnosi e al follow-up delle mucopolisaccaridosi. Questo nuovo approccio analitico basato sulla determinazione delle principali esosamine formanti i GAG mediante elettroforesi capillare (CE) e HPLC, mette in evidenza importanti differenze tra la quantità totale dei GAG nelle urine dei pazienti affetti da varie forme di MPS comparata al gruppo di controllo. In particolare, il contenuto totale di esosamine è indicativo di un’anormale escrezione di GAG e la specifica quantificazione di galattosamine (GalN) e glucosamine (GlcN) e il loro rapporto relativo rappresentano i markers delle varie forme di MPS, sia severe che leggere. Attraverso l’applicazione del metodo di separazione dei disaccaridi con HPLC in UV e trattamento con liasi specifiche, è stata inoltre possibile la caratterizzazione dei GAG urinari dei soggetti MPS prima e durante terapia, che ha messo in evidenza come la terapia enzimatica è efficace ma in modo parziale poiché non è capace di rimuovere totalmente i GAG dalle urine, fornendo i presupposti per una ottimizzazione dei regimi terapeutici già in uso in termini di dosaggio e timing di infusione, per una eventuale messa a punto di un regime terapeutico “personalizzato” e per una migliore valutazione delle nuove proposte terapeutiche.
Caratterizzazione dei glicosaminoglicani: applicazione di nuove metodiche alla diagnosi e al follow-up delle mucopolisaccaridosi / Santoro, Lucia. - (2012 Feb 24).
Caratterizzazione dei glicosaminoglicani: applicazione di nuove metodiche alla diagnosi e al follow-up delle mucopolisaccaridosi
Santoro, Lucia
2012-02-24
Abstract
Early and accurate diagnosis of mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) disorders is imperative to optimize treatment outcomes by preventing irreversible organ damage, particularly for those disorders that are amenable to effective treatment, such as enzyme replacement therapy. This work allows the characterization of urinary GAGs for application to the diagnosis and follow-up of mucopolysaccharidosis, by modifying known laboratory methods (measurement and characterization of urinary glycosaminoglycans or GAGs) and by developing new analytical approaches (determination and ratio of total urinary hexosamines derived from GAGs, separation of urinary disaccharides). This new analytical approach, based on the determination of the main hexosamines forming GAGs through capillary electrophoresis (CE) and HPLC, has produced important differences compared to the control group when applied to the urine of patients affected by various MPS syndromes. First of all, the total content of hexosamines is indicative of a abnormal urinary excretion of GAGs. Furthermore, the specific quantification of galactosamines (GalN) and glucosamines (GlcN) and the related ratio are markers of different MPS syndromes in both their mild and severe forms. Through the application of the method of separation of urinary disaccharides by HPLC/UV and treatment with specific lyases, the characterization of urinary GAGs in MPS subjects before and during therapy has also been possible, showing that the enzyme replacement therapy is only partially effective, because it is not able to totally remove pathological GAGs from urine. These results provide the conditions for an optimization of treatment regimens already in use in terms of dosage and timing of infusion, for a possible development of a personalized treatment and a better evaluation of new therapeutic procedures.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
Tesi.Santoro.pdf
Solo gestori archivio
Tipologia:
Tesi di dottorato
Licenza d'uso:
Non specificato
Dimensione
2.6 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
2.6 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri Richiedi una copia |
I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.