Effect of climate in architectural form and urban planning in the middle east region

If the true meaning and Functional of urban planning and architecture is to create a place for human activity and how processing to meet the human needs are the most important, namely, which are the theoretical foundations. We have many theories and trends in this field Man’s relationship with the environment refer to the importance of knowing the impact of the environmental dimension of urban planning and architecture. architecture it is only honest mirror reflecting our environment and our surroundings and our reality in all its different elements from the atmosphere and climate and features Geography and established principles for architecture and social and cultural development and scientific and technological. The environment in the Middle East, characterized by a climate of extremely low rainfall Punctuated by mountains and arid plateaus and desert winds blowing from the heat laden with sand and increase the intensity of solar radiation and reflex, which makes the coexistence With this harsh environment requires a carefully considered and the accuracy of the building for reach an appropriate and suitable for that environment. for that this paper was to study the impact of the environmental dimension of urban planning and Islamic architecture achieve compatibility with the circumstances harsh environmental. Purpose The main purpose of this study is the identification, evaluation, analysis and comparison of existing physical architectural systems in some cities in the Middle East in reference to prevailing social, economical and cultural conditions.The problem of research in studying the impact of the environmental dimension of urban planning and Islamic architecture, and elicitation how could achieve accordance and compatibility with this environment. It is noted in the modern city was no longer consider humans to environmental problems only through specific views and unrelated for example the thermal insulation industry is high-efficient Then used in buildings is not taken into account in their design the right direction to protect from the sun or may be used in buildings with large glass openings, from this point of this research paper. We can distinguish between substantive environment is the urban component the fundamental, and the environment contribute to individual self-concepts, ideas and cultures and his awareness of civilization in the its composition despite the many components and sections of the environment and fragmentation of the secondary components, but the final product consists of these components interact with each other and that is the urban environment, therefore, the urban environment is a complex structure of nested levels and reflect the complex relationship between a group of physical and intellectual elements within the system of holistic and coordinated . factors of the natural environment of climate and weather and temperature and the movement of air and natural lighting, humidity, and the direction of the sun and type of soil and the nature of the earth and all to that of other natural factors, key factors cannot be ignored in any case, cannot be overlooked in any study or research on the urban environment, and residential buildings and even industry groups, educational and health. The term environmental is one of the most important concepts of the urban environment a term variable and multi-use in the term environment refers to the geographical nature of the land and the topography and climatic conditions affecting them. In sociology refers to the nature of the regulatory environment of different societies and for the architect and urban designer the means by which the formation of the buildings and how they are consistent with the surrounding elements.The research aims to extract effect the environmental dimension in the form of the building and urban planning in terms of choose a location of the City, road system , architectural elements for buildings , Etc. to achieve compatibility with the environmental conditions. and draw some conclusions and recommendations with regard to this matter.To achieve the above objectives, the research was on the followers of the analytical method and the deductive descriptive to the problem in the study following; 1- Traditional Domestic Architecture and urban planning in the Middle East region. 2- The impact of environmental dimension in the local traditional architecture in terms Of: • The fabric of the city • City streets • City buildings • Blocks of external facades of the buildings • Construction materials 3- Most important criteria applied in the new process of urban planning at the present time. 4- The factors affecting the in planning of cities in the Middle East.