Exploring the Evolution of Smart Cities: A Review on Energy, Mobility, and Waste Management Aspects

Smart cities leverage data, technology, and networked systems to enhance sustainability, liveability, and efficiency for residents. They integrate various digital technologies to manage infrastructure and resources effectively, utilizing data from sensors and Internet of Things devices to optimize processes and improve decisionmaking. This urban development paradigm aims to enhance the quality of life through technology. A study employing the SPAR-4-SLR protocol assesses the current state of smart city initiatives by reviewing academic literature, journals, and reports. Focusing on energy, mobility, and waste management, the research evaluates the integration of smart grids to optimize energy distribution and support renewable sources. Additionally, it examines how autonomous vehicles and micro-mobility solutions could revolutionize urban transportation, reducing pollution and improving accessibility. Furthermore, the study investigates advancements in waste management, including tech-enabled approaches to minimize waste, streamline collection, and promote recycling. Targeting policymakers, academics, urban planners, and stakeholders, this research aims to inform strategies for building sustainable and efficient urban environments.