3D GIS for a Smart Management System Applied to Historical Villages Damaged by Earthquake

Historic villages are included in the category of cultural heritage to be safeguarded and preserved. Accidental events, such as earthquakes, represent a threat to their vulnerability. Usually, the analyses of damaged buildings, which are part of these villages, are then carried out singularly, not fostering instead the constitution of mapping at the urban scale that allows a more complete knowledge of the state of damage and risk of adjacent buildings and of the entire area. An information system such as 3D GIS is a suitable solution for this purpose. The aim of this research is to develop a SMART management system for preservation activities of historical villages through the management of heterogeneous types of data, from the survey to the technical documentation. The workflow is structured as follows: (i) Data acquisition: the survey of a small village was carried out by combining geomatic techniques necessary to produce a complete point cloud; (ii) 3D modelling: data extrapolation from the post-processed point cloud and subsequent generation of a GIS-based on 3D model thanks to the creation of DTM and DSM of the area of interest; (iii) Knowledge modelling: a geospatial information model is necessary to put in order and together all the information collected for the whole village and each building composing it; (iv) SMART management modelling: improvement of the information management system that guarantees the possibility to enrich and update data at any time. This research paves the way to develop a web platform where GIS data would be imported for a digital twin approach.