Computational Intelligence in Smart Water and Gas Grids: an Up-to-Date Overview

Computational Intelligence plays a relevant role in several Smart Grid applications, and there is a florid literature in this regard. However, most of the efforts have been oriented to the electrical energy field, for which many contributions have appeared so far, also facilitated by the availability of suitable databases to use for system training and testing. Different is the case for the water and gas scenarios: this work is thus oriented to present the state-of-the-art techniques for these grids, from 2009 to date. In particular, the focus is on load forecasting and leakage detection applications, that are the most addressed in the literature and present the biggest interest from a commercial point of view as well: the main characteristics and registered performance for all the reviewed approaches are reported. Along this direction, an extensive search of used databases has been performed and thus made available to the research community.